电子商务平台经营者的数据保护义务  

Data Protection Obligations of E-commerce Platform Operators

作　　者：马更新[1] MA Geng-xin

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学民商经济法学院,北京100088

出　　处：《陕西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2025年第2期150-164,共15页Journal of Shaanxi Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：司法部法治建设与法学理论研究部级科研项目“数据权益法律保护模式研究”(22SFB3020)。

摘　　要：目前,电子商务平台经营者的数据保护义务不仅在立法上尚未明确,而且其对平台内的数据是否具有保护义务(包括违法使用行为发生时是否有制止义务)也没有专门和明确的法律规范进行调整。平台经营者不仅对平台内活动和数据具有控制力,而且在缔约过程中占有明显的信息优势并从中获利,所以由其承担数据保护义务更具现实性和合理性。立法者应该从两个面向确定平台经营者数据保护义务的内容:一是平台经营者对于平台内数据的保护义务,二是制止平台内违法使用行为的义务。在此基础上,明确平台经营者为履行义务可采取的措施以及未尽义务时应当承担的责任,从而构建起“义务—责任”框架体系。The data protection obligations of e-commerce platform operators are not legislatively clear yet.In practice,there is no specific and clear legal basis for whether platform operators have the obligation to protect data within the platforms and whether they have the obligation to stop unlawful use of data when it occurs.Given the platform operators’control over the platform,their dominant position in the contracting process,and their profitability,it is expedient that they bear the data protection obligations.This paper identifies the content of data protection obligations in two orientations:one is the obligation to protect data within the platform;the other is the obligation to prevent unlawful use within the platform.On this basis,it clarifies the measures that platform operators can take to fulfill their obligations and the responsibilities that they should bear if they fail to do so,so as to construct an“obligation-responsibility”framework.

关 键 词：电子商务 平台经营者 数据保护义务 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]