摆杆式锻造操作机提升机构分析及优化  

Analysis and optimization of the lifting mechanism of swing bar forging manipulator

作　　者：姜峰 马学鹏 安建军 黄玉玲 JIANG Feng;MA Xuepeng;AN Jianjun;HUANG Yuling(Lanzhou LS Group Co.,Ltd.,Lanzhou 730314,Gansu China;Lanzhou LS Heavy Machinery Technology Co.,Ltd.,Lanzhou 730314,Gansu China;Key Laboratory of Intelligent Control of Metal Forming Equipment,Lanzhou 730314,Gansu China;Lanzhou LS Group Co.,Ltd.,Energy Equipment Engineering Research Institute,Lanzhou 730314,Gansu China)

机构地区：[1]兰州兰石集团有限公司,甘肃兰州730314 [2]兰州兰石重工有限公司,甘肃兰州730314 [3]甘肃省金属塑性成型装备智能控制重点实验室,甘肃兰州730314 [4]兰州兰石集团有限公司能源装备研究院,甘肃兰州730314

出　　处：《锻压装备与制造技术》2025年第2期39-43,共5页China Metalforming Equipment & Manufacturing Technology

摘　　要：本文针对摆杆式锻造操作机平升降过程中钳杆水平位移产生原因进行分析,指出钳杆前后吊臂受力不平衡是造成钳杆水平位移的根本原因,提出可通过增加一个约束连杆减小钳杆水平位移。在约束连杆求解过程中,提出逆向分析方法,简化连杆求解问题,具体为约定钳杆水平方向位移为0,将约束连杆求解问题转换为在钳杆前后吊臂上各确定一个铰接点的位置,使得钳杆前后吊臂上两铰接点间距离在平升降过程变化最小。通过运动学分析建立了两铰接点间距离与前后摆杆摆角的函数关系,并利用粒子群优化算法,优化求解了前后吊臂上两铰接点的位置。最后在SolidWorks软件中对优化结果进行结构建模,验证了优化后锻造操作机在空间结构上的可实现性,进一步仿真结果表明:经优化后提升机构平升过程中,钳杆水平位移最大为0.9mm,提升位移达700mm。This paper analyzes the causes of horizontal displacement of the tong bar during the horizontal lift-ing of the swing bar forging operator,points out that the imbalance of the forces on the front and rear booms of the tong bar is the fundamental cause of the horizontal displacement of the tong bar,and proposes that the horizontal displacement of the tong bar can be reduced by adding a restraining link.In the process of solving the constraint connecting rod,a reverse analysis method is proposed to simplify the problem of solving the connecting rod.Specifically,the agreed horizontal displacement of the tong rod is O.The problem of solving the constraint connecting rod is converted into determining the position of a hinge point on the front and rear booms of the tong rod,so that the distance between the two hinge points on the front and rear booms of the tong rod changes least during the horizontal lifting process.The functional relationship between the distance between the two hinge points and the swing angle of the front and rear swing rods is estab-lished through kinematics analysis,and the positions of the two hinge points on the front and rear boom are optimized using particle swarm optimization algorithm.Finally,the structural modeling of the optimized results is carried out in SolidWorks software,which verifies the realization of the optimized forging manipulator in the spatial structure.Further simulation results show that:during the lifting process of the optimized lifting mechanism,the maximum horizontal displacement of the clamp rod is 0.9 mm,and the lifting displacement is 700 mm.

关 键 词：锻造操作机 提升机构 钳杆水平位移 逆向分析 粒子群优化 

分 类 号：TG315.1[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]