福建省茶业合作化运动的演变及特征研究(1935-1949年)  

Cooperation Movement of Fujian Tea Industry in 1935-1949

作　　者：杨新辉 YANG Xinhui(Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350117,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学社会历史学院,福建福州350117

出　　处：《茶叶学报》2025年第1期72-77,共6页Acta Tea Sinica

摘　　要：20世纪30年代,福建茶业出现了全方面的衰退,导致茶园荒芜、茶农转业。在合作化运动的影响下,福建政府开始引导茶农成立茶业合作社,并通过合作社发放茶叶贷款,协调茶叶的产制运销,掀起了福建茶业合作化运动的热潮。受时局影响,福建茶业合作化运动的工作重点不断变化,先后经历了以救济、稳定与恢复为特征的三个阶段,总体上促进了当时福建茶叶产销的发展,为提升福建经济实力、支援抗战等作出了一定贡献。The tea industry in Fujian experienced an all-round decline in the 1930s.Plantations were closed as farmers fled to seek other means for survival.To rescue the dire situation and reinvigorate the business,the then provincial government guided the industry to organize tea trade cooperatives.Through the organization,tea farmers could secure badly needed loans and begin to coordinate with peers in production,transportation,sales,and marketing to return to the business.The efforts effectively improved operational efficiency and extended market reaches.The movement became exceedingly popular throughout the province.The change of political system and the Sino-Japanese war invariably altered the course of the industry’s development.Hence,the period between 1935-1949 had three rather distinctive phases that focused on poverty relief,operation stabilization,and economic recovery.In hindsight,the establishment of trade cooperatives for the local tea industry initiated by the movement literary revived the production and distribution system and significantly contributed financially to the defense of the devastating nation in Sino-Japanese war.

关 键 词：茶业合作化运动 茶业合作社 政府 茶农 

分 类 号：K26[历史地理—历史学] S571.1[历史地理—中国史]