石灰性土壤交换性盐基组成的前处理方法改进研究  

Study on the Improvement of the Pre-Treatment Method for Exchangeable Base Composition in Calcareous Soil

作　　者：王露 李頔頔 张宇翔 张俊 龚浩擂 王先桥 WANG Lu;LI Didi;ZHANG Yuxiang;ZHANG Jun;GONG Haolei;WANG Xianqiao(Three Gorges Public Inspection and Testing Center,Yichang 443000,China)

机构地区：[1]三峡公共检验检测中心,湖北宜昌443000

出　　处：《云南化工》2025年第4期82-87,共6页Yunnan Chemical Technology

摘　　要：探究了氯化铵-乙醇交换法测定石灰性土壤交换性盐基组成的前处理方法,提出一种磁力搅拌交换-离心分离的方式,用乙醇溶液洗去石灰性土壤中的氯离子和硫酸根离子,再用氯化铵-乙醇溶液进行交换提取,使用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪和火焰光度计测定其中的交换性钙、镁、钠、钾4种离子。当4种离子的质量浓度分别在0~40,0~10,0~10,0~10 mg/L范围内时线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.999;样品的加标回收率在95.5%~104.2%之间;相对标准偏差在1.86%~4.73%范围内,均小于5%。对比传统的振荡-过滤-淋洗分离方法,磁力搅拌交换-离心分离的前处理方法耗时大大缩短、操作快捷,精密度好,是测定石灰性土壤交换性盐基的可靠的前处理方法。本研究可为实验室开展石灰性土壤交换性盐基测定的方法选择、效率提升和质量保证上提供技术支撑。This study focuses on the pre-treatment method for the composition of exchangeable base in calcareous soil using the ammonium chloride-ethanol exchange method,which was a method of magnetic stirring exchange-centrifugal separation.Chloride ions and sulfate ions in the calcareous soil were cleaned with ethanol solution,and then exchanged with ammonium chloride-ethanol.The exchangeable calcium,magnesium,sodium,and potassium in calcareous soil were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry and flame photometry.The mass concentrations of the exchangeable calcium,magnesium,sodium,and potassium showed good linearity within the range of 0-40,0-10,0-10 mg/L and 0-10 mg/L respectively,with the correlation coefficients all above 0.999.The recovery rates of the added standards range from 95.5% to 104.2%.The relative standard deviations results were 1.86%-4.73%,all below 5%.Compared with the traditional oscillation extraction-filtration separation method,the magnetic stirring exchange-centrifugal separation pre-treatment method was time-saving,easy to operate,with high precision and accuracy,making it a reliable pretreatment method for determining the exchangeable base of calcareous soil.This study provides technical support for laboratories in method selection,efficiency improvement,and quality assurance for the determination of exchangeable base in calcareous soil.

关 键 词：氯化铵-乙醇 石灰性土壤 磁力搅拌交换-离心分离 交换性盐基组成 

分 类 号：O657.3[理学—分析化学]