施肥次数对小麦产量及效益的影响  

Effects of Fertilization Times on the Yield and Benefit of Wheat

作　　者：侯德军 Hou Dejun(Feicheng Wangguadian Sub-District Office,Feicheng 271608,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]肥城市王瓜店街道办事处,山东肥城271608

出　　处：《农业技术与装备》2025年第3期133-135,共3页Agricultural Technology & Equipment

摘　　要：为了探讨不同施肥次数对小麦产量及效益的影响,采用目前小麦种植较为常用的条播和散播2种方法,设置6个处理小组进行试验,并统计小麦的有效穗粒数、结实率、千粒质量、生物量和种植过程的成本。结果显示:小麦穗数方面,不同施肥次数小组的小麦穗数(穗/m2)差异不显著(P>0.05);穗粒数和千粒质量方面,条播一基一追、条播一基二追、撒播一基一追和撒播一基二追的穗粒数和千粒质量均显著高于条播一次施肥和撒播一次施肥(P<0.05);产量方面,条播一基二追的产量最高,和撒播一基二追、条播一基一追、撒播一基一追的产量相比差异不显著(P>0.05),条播一基二追和撒播一基二追的产量均显著高于条播一次施肥和散播一次施肥(P<0.05);籽粒生物量方面,条播一基二追、撒播一基二追均显著高于条播一次施肥和撒播一次施肥(P<0.05);秸秆生物量,不同播种方式的秸秆生物量差异显著,撒播的秸秆生物量显著低于条播(P<0.05),相同播种方式间的不同施肥次数对比差异不显著(P>0.05);利润方面,条播一基二追>撒播一基二追>条播一基一追>撒播一基一追>条播一次施肥>撒播一次施肥。结果表明,在相同的施肥次数下,条播小麦比撒播小麦的产值和利润都略有增加;在相同的播种方式下,化肥成本呈下降趋势,人工成本提高,但是产值和利润提高明显,说明随着施肥次数的增加,可以降低化肥使用成本,提高小麦产值效益,其中以增加条播小麦施肥次数效果最佳。In order to investigate the effects of different fertilization times on wheat yield and benefit,6 treatment groups were set up to conduct experiments,and the effective number of grains per spike,seed setting rate,thousand grain mass,biomass and planting process cost of wheat were calculated.The results showed that the output value and profit of drill sowing wheat were slightly increased compared with broadcast sowing wheat under the same fertilization times.Under the same sowing method,the fertilizer cost showed a downward trend and the labor cost increased,but the output value and profit increased significantly,indicating that with the increase of fertilization times,the fertilizer use cost could be reduced and the output value of wheat could be improved,and the best effect was to increase the fertilization times of drill sowing wheat.

关 键 词：施肥次数 小麦 产量 效益 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]