1353例泌尿外科尿路感染病原菌分布及耐药性分析  

Analysis of Pathogen Distribution and Drug Resistance in Urinary Tract Infections in the Department of Urology:A Study of 1,353 Cases

作　　者：钟莹 苏茵 梁绪东 梁立全 ZHONG Ying;SU Yin;LIANG Xudong;LIANG Liquan(Department of Laboratory Medicine,Hezhou People's Hospital,Hezhou 542800,China)

机构地区：[1]贺州市人民医院检验科,广西贺州542800

出　　处：《延边大学医学学报》2025年第3期78-80,共3页Journal of Medical Science Yanbian University

摘　　要：目的:分析贺州市人民医院泌尿外科尿路感染病原菌分布及耐药性,指导临床合理用药。方法:收集并分析2020年1月—2024年6月贺州市人民医院泌尿外科收治的尿路感染患者清洁中段尿培养分离出的1353株非重复病原菌鉴定及药敏试验结果。结果:大肠埃希菌(768株,56.8%)最常见,其次为粪肠球菌(168株,12.4%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(100株,7.4%)、奇异变形杆菌(90株,6.7%)和铜绿假单胞菌(60株,4.4%)。药敏试验结果显示,大肠埃希菌对氨苄西林、阿莫西林/克拉维酸、环丙沙星等耐药率超过50%;粪肠球菌对四环素、利福平耐药率超过50%;肺炎克雷伯菌对复方新诺明、氨苄西林/舒巴坦、头孢唑林耐药率超过50%;奇异变形杆菌对米诺环素、复方新诺明、氨苄西林耐药率超过50%;铜绿假单胞菌对常用抗菌药物敏感率较高(>80%)。结论:贺州市人民医院泌尿外科尿路感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,大肠埃希菌最常见且耐药率高。临床治疗时应根据病原菌耐药特点合理选用抗生素,以确保疗效。Objective:To analyze the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens causing urinary tract infections(UTIs)in the Department of Urology at Hezhou People’s Hospital,and to guide rational clinical antibiotic use.Methods:Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility results of 1,353 non-duplicate bacterial isolates from clean-catch midstream urine cultures of UTI patients admitted to the Department of Urology between January 2020 and June 2024 were collected and analyzed.Results:The most prevalent pathogen was Escherichia coli(768 isolates,56.8%),followed by Enterococcus faecalis(168 isolates,12.4%),Klebsiella pneumoniae(100 isolates,7.4%),Proteus mirabilis(90 isolates,6.7%),and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(60 isolates,4.4%).Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed high resistance rates(>50%)in Escherichia coli to ampicillin,amoxicillin/clavulanic acid,and ciprofloxacin;in Enterococcus faecalis to tetracycline and rifampicin;in Klebsiella pneumoniae to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole,ampicillin/sulbactam,and cefazolin;and in Proteus mirabilis to minocycline,trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole,and ampicillin.Pseudomonas aeruginosa has a high susceptibility rate to commonly used antibiotics(>80%).Conclusion:Gram-negative bacteria,particularly Escherichia coli,dominate UTIs in the Department of Urology at Hezhou People’s Hospital,with significant antimicrobial resistance.Rational antibiotic selection based on local resistance patterns is critical to ensure therapeutic efficacy.

关 键 词：尿路感染 病原菌 耐药 

分 类 号：R446[医药卫生—诊断学]