天津市政污水典型腹泻病毒的赋存特征及周年流行规律  

Occurrence Characteristics and Annual Epidemic Pattern of Typical Diarrhea Viruses in Municipal Wastewater in Tianjin,China

作　　者：彭梁 杨凤霞 毛大庆 罗义[1,4] PENG Liang;YANG Feng-xia;MAO Da-qing;LUO Yi(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Nankai University,Tianjin 300350,China;Agro-Environmental Protection Institute,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Tianjin 300191,China;School of Medicine,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China;State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse,School of the Environment,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300350 [2]农业农村部环境保护科研监测所,天津300191 [3]南开大学医学院,天津300071 [4]南京大学环境学院,污染控制与资源化国家重点实验室,南京210093

出　　处：《环境科学》2025年第4期2271-2280,共10页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(41831287)。

摘　　要：为揭示市政污水中腹泻性病毒赋存特征及其周年流行规律,以天津市2家大型市政污水厂作为固定监测点,进行全年跟踪取样,采用阴离子膜和聚乙二醇-氯化钠方法进行病毒浓缩富集,运用荧光定量PCR技术对污水中典型腹泻性病毒进行检测,重点以:诺如病毒(NoVs GI/GII)、轮状病毒(RoV)、星状病毒(HAstV)、沙坡病毒(SaV)、肠病毒(EnV)、甲肝病毒(HAV)和腺病毒(HAdV)等7种病毒为监测对象,探索病毒性腹泻的全年流行情况.结果表明,市政污水中腹泻性病毒普遍存在,以NoV GII和SaV为主导优势病毒,且两个污水厂中病毒的赋存水平无显著差异(P>0.05).市政污水中腹泻病毒呈现一定的季节特征,如HAstV在秋季明显高于其他季节,EnV在冬季高于其他季节(P<0.05),而NoVGII、SaV和HAdV无显著季节变化(P>0.05).研究结果提示在当地人群中可能存在大量隐性携带者,且不同时间点的暴发流行风险存在差别,需引起进一步重视.To elucidate the characteristics and annual epidemic patterns of diarrheal viruses in municipal wastewater,this study conducted a comprehensive year-long investigation utilizing two sizeable municipal wastewater treatment plants in Tianjin.This study applied the electronegatively charged membranes and polyethylene glycol sodium chloride(PEGNaCl)methods to concentrate viral particles efficiently.A real-time quantitative PCR method was employed to detect common diarrheal viruses within wastewater,specifically targeting Norovirus GI,GII,Rotavirus(RoV),Astrovirus(HAstV),Sapovirus(SaV),Enterovirus(EnV),Hepatitis A virus(HAV),and Adenovirus(HAdV).The goal of the study was to ascertain the annual prevalence of viral gastroenteritis within Tianjin's wastewater in China.The findings unveiled the seven targeted viruses across both A and B municipal wastewater treatment plants,with Norovirus GII and Sapovirus emerging as prevailing strains.Notably,no statistically significant disparity in virus detection between the two WWTPs was observed(P>0.05,Mann-Whitney U test),implying a uniform distribution within the studied regions.Furthermore,discernible seasonal fluctuations in the presence of diarrheal viruses within municipal wastewater treatment plants were identified,with Astrovirus exhibiting heightened detection rates in autumn,while Enterovirus prevalence peaked during the winter months.Conversely,Norovirus GII,Sapovirus,and Adenovirus displayed consistent levels across seasons(P>0.05).The notable frequency of diarrheal virus'detection within Tianjin's wastewater network suggests a significant presence of asymptomatic carriers within the local population.Consequently,further investigation is warranted to comprehensively evaluate the potential outbreak risk and prevalence dynamic across different temporal intervals.

关 键 词：市政污水 腹泻病毒 污水流行病学 理化指标 预警信号 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]