“早蜜椪柑”杂交组合的胚培养及杂种鉴定  

Embryo culture and hybrid identification of Zaomi Ponkan hybrid combinations

作　　者：黄伟 柴爽 张犇 龚玲 王双友 李大志[1,2] 龙桂友 李娜[1,2] HUANG Wei;CHAI Shuang;ZHANG Ben;GONG Ling;WANG Shuangyou;LI Dazhi;LONG Guiyou;LI Na(College of Horticulture,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan,410128,China;Center for Fruit Tree Variety Creation,Yuelu Mountain Laboratory,Changsha,Hunan,410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学园艺学院,长沙410128 [2]岳麓山实验室果树品种创制中心,长沙410128

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2025年第2期38-43,共6页South China Fruits

基　　金：国家柑橘产业技术体系项目(CARS-26);湖南省水果产业技术体系柑橘育种岗位专项(HARS-09)资助。

摘　　要：多胚柑橘种质授粉后,对未成熟种子进行胚挽救,避免珠心胚影响,是提高杂种苗获得率的重要方法。为了促进以“早蜜椪柑”母本的杂交育种工作,以MT培养基为基础配置不同浓度蔗糖和GA3组合的萌发培养基,对“早蜜椪柑”ד沃柑”授粉后70 d的幼胚进行培养,以确定幼胚培养的最适培养基;采用筛选出的最适培养基,对“早蜜椪柑”分别与“南橘”“阿芙洛”“沃柑”杂交授粉后不同时期幼胚进行培养,以确定最佳胚龄;利用SSR标记对杂交后代进行鉴定。结果表明,MT+7%蔗糖+GA31.0 mg/L适合幼胚培养;3个杂交组合幼胚成苗率均是以授粉后100 d幼胚最高;“早蜜椪柑”ד南橘”组合获得杂种苗48株,授粉后80 d胚培养所得成苗的杂种率最高,是最佳培养胚龄。“早蜜椪柑”ד阿芙洛”组合仅获1株杂种苗,“早蜜椪柑”ד沃柑”组合未获得杂种苗。After pollination of multi-embryonic citrus germplasms,embryo rescue of immature seeds to avoid the influence of nucellar embryos is an important method to improve the rate of obtaining hybrid seedlings.In order to promote the cross-breeding with Zaomi Ponkan as the female parent,germination media with different combinations of sucrose and GA 3 concentrations were prepared based on the MT medium to culture the young embryos of Zaomi Ponkan×Orah at 70 days after pollination to determine the most suitable medium for young embryo culture.Using the most suitable medium screened,the young embryos of Zaomi Ponkan crossed with Nanju,Afourer and Orah,respectively,at different times of post pollination were cultured to determine the optimal embryo age for embryo rescue.SSR markers were used to identify the hybrid offsprings.The results showed that MT+7%sucrose+1.0 mg/L GA 3 was suitable for young embryo culture.The highest seedling rate of three cross combinations was achieved with the young embryos at 100 days after pollination.48 hybrid seedlings were obtained from the combination of Zaomi Ponkan×Nanju,and the rate of hybrid seedlings was the highest with the embryos at 80 days after pollination,which was the optimal embryo age for culture.Only 1 hybrid seedling was obtained from the combination of Zaomi Ponkan×Afourer,and no hybrid seedling was obtained from the combination of Zaomi Ponkan×Orah.

关 键 词：柑橘 早蜜椪柑 胚培养 培养基 杂种鉴定 

分 类 号：S666[农业科学—果树学]