四川安岳尤力克柠檬砂皮病田间防控药剂筛选  

Screening of chemicals for field control of Diaporthe citri of lemon in Anyue,Sichuan

作　　者：龙思羽 马静华 李白雪 肖平安 刘蝶 李鸿筠[1] 胡军华[1] 王雪峰[1] LONG Siyu;MA Jinghua;LI Baixue;XIAO Ping’an;LIU Die;LI Hongjun;HU Junhua;WANG Xuefeng(Citrus Research Institute of Southwest University/Citrus Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Citrus Engineering and Technology Research Center,Chongqing,400712,China;Anyue Institute of Lemon Science and Technology,Anyue,Sichuan,642350,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学柑桔研究所/中国农业科学院柑桔研究所/国家柑桔工程技术研究中心,重庆400712 [2]安岳县柠檬科学技术研究所,四川安岳642350

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2025年第2期60-64,共5页South China Fruits

基　　金：四川资阳市“揭榜挠帅”项目(Zykjjsc20-zdyf-2023-02)资助。

摘　　要：四川安岳柠檬园管理水平较为粗放,黑斑病、炭疽病、疮痂病以及灰霉病等发生严重,其中砂皮病尤其严重。为了筛选更有效的柑橘砂皮病防控药剂,进而为安岳柠檬及全国柑橘生产提供防控砂皮病的药剂及策略,在安岳县尤力克柠檬基地评价了32种杀菌剂于谢花期、幼果期以及果实膨大期3次用药后对于夏梢与果实上砂皮病的田间防治效果。结果表明,40%苯醚甲环唑悬浮剂(杭州宇龙化工有限公司)3000倍液、60%唑醚·代森联水分散粒剂(浙江威尔达化工有限公司)4000倍液、25%吡唑醚菌酯悬浮剂(安徽化星化工有限公司)1500倍液、70%甲基硫菌灵可湿性粉剂(山东邹平农药有限公司)1000倍液以及75%锰锌·嘧菌酯水分散粒剂(印度联合磷化物有限公司)500倍液对夏梢叶片与果实上砂皮病的防治效果接近或超过90%,且未见发生炭疽病、黑斑病、疮痂病和灰霉病。不同厂家的代森锰锌的防治效果差异较大,先正达(苏州)作物保护有限公司和利民化学有限责任公司生产的80%代森锰锌可湿性粉剂(400倍液)对夏梢叶片与果实上砂皮病的防治效果较好,且其他病害中仅见疮痂病发生。研究结果可为柑橘生产中有效防控砂皮病提供参考。The management level of lemon orchards in Anyue,Sichuan Province is relatively low,and diseases caused by the pathogens of Phoma citricarpa,Colletotrichum gloeosporioides,Elsinoe fewcetti and Botrytis cineria Pers.,occur seriously,among which citrus melanose caused by Diaporthe citri is particularly severe.In order to screen for more effective fungicides for control of citrus melanose to provide control agents and strategies for Anyue lemon and citrus production across the country,the field control effects of 32 fungicides on melanose on summer shoots and fruits were evaluated in the Eureka lemon orchard of Anyue County with three applications at fading stage of flowering,young fruit stage and fruit expansion stage,respectively.The results showed that the control effect of 40%tebuconazole suspension concentrate(Hangzhou Yulong Chemical Co.Ltd.)at 3,000 times dilution,60%difenoconazole+mancozeb water dispersible granules(Guangdong Tianhe Agricultural Chemical Co.Ltd.)at 4,000 times dilution,25%pyraclostrobin suspension concentrate(Anhui Huaxing Chemical Co.Ltd.)at 1,500 times dilution,70%thiabendazole wettable powder(Shandong Zouping Pesticide Co.Ltd.)at 1,000 times dilution and 75%mancozeb+pyraclostrobin water dispersible granules(United Phosphorus Limited,India)at 500 times dilution on melanose on leaves and fruits of summer shoots were close to or exceeded 90%,and no anthracnose,black spot,scab and gray mold diseases were observed.The control effects of mancozeb+manganese zinc produced by different manufacturers were significantly different.The 80%mancozeb+manganese zinc wettable powder(400 times dilution)produced by Syngenta(Suzhou)Crop Protection Co.Ltd.and Limin Chemical Co.Ltd.had better control effects on melanose on leaves and fruits of summer shoots,and only scab was observed among other diseases.The research results can provide a reference for the effective control of melanose in citrus production.

关 键 词：柑橘 砂皮病 药剂筛选 防治效果 

分 类 号：S436.66[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]