2019—2024年国内猕猴桃新品种选育成果  

Achievements of new kiwifruit variety breeding in China between 2019 and 2024

作　　者：肖琪 罗飞雄 XIAO Qi;LUO Feixiong(College of Horticulture,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan,410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学园艺学院,长沙410128

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2025年第2期142-149,共8页South China Fruits

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1200503);国家现代农业产业体系项目(CARS-29-zp-9)资助。

摘　　要：品种是猕猴桃产业核心竞争力的关键,也是驱动猕猴桃育种技术创新的立足点。我国是猕猴桃原产国,种质资源丰富,为猕猴桃新品种选育及产业发展提供了坚实基础。本文统计了2019—2024年我国中文文献中提及的新育成的50个猕猴桃新品种,比较了不同育种方法所选育品种的特性。结果表明,实生选育为2019—2024年我国猕猴桃新品种选育的主要方法,且绝大多数猕猴桃新品种均是从中华猕猴桃和美味猕猴桃的野生种群中选育而来;新品种以黄肉为主,其次是绿肉、红心及红肉;20个新品种较抗猕猴桃溃疡病,其中16个为中华猕猴桃;选育单位主要集中在湖北、陕西、安徽和四川等地,湖北省农业科学院果树茶叶研究所选育的品种最多。生产者需考虑品种所属猕猴桃种的特性和适应性,选择合适的栽培区域和配套的栽培技术。本研究结果可为猕猴桃育种和产业发展提供重要参考。Varieties are the key to the core competitiveness of kiwifruit industry and the foothold for driving technological innovation in kiwifruit breeding.China is the origin country of kiwifruit with abundant germplasm,which provides a solid foundation for breeding new kiwifruit varieties and promoting the industry development.This paper summarized 50 newly bred kiwifruit varietiesreported in Chinese literaturefrom 2019 to 2024,and compared the characteristics of the varieties bred with different breeding methods.The results showed that seedling selection was the main metho6d for breeding new kiwifruit varieties in China from 2019 to 2024,and most of new varieties were bred from the wild populations of Actinidia chinensis var.chinensis and A.chinensis var.deliciosa.The new varieties were mainly yellow-fleshed,followed by green-fleshed,red-cored and red-fleshed.About 20 new varieties were more resistant to kiwifruit bacterial canker,among which 16 varieties were A.chinensis.The breeding institutions were mainly concentrated in Hubei,Shaanxi,Anhui and Sichuan provinces,and Institute of Fruit and Tea of Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences bred the largest number of varieties.Kiwifruit growers need to consider the characteristics and adaptability of the species of kiwifruit variety and select appropriate cultivation areas and cultivar-specific cultivation techniques.Results of this study can provide important references for kiwifruit breeding and industrial development.

关 键 词：猕猴桃 新品种 选育方法 品种特性 果实品质 抗病性 

分 类 号：S663.4[农业科学—果树学]