苹果新品种瑞雪在甘肃天水的引种表现及栽培技术  

Introduction performance and cultivation techniques of new apple cultivar Ruixue in Tianshui,Gansu Province

作　　者：雷明山[1] 杨焕昱 李轶 张剑锋 周晓康[1] 雒林通[4] 杨建宁 LEI Mingshan;YANG Huanyu;LI Yi;ZHANG Jianfeng;ZHOU Xiaokang;LUO Lintong;YANG Jianning(Tianshui Institute of Pomology,Tianshui,Gansu 741002,China;Qinzhou Forestry and Grassland Bureau of Tianshui,Tianshui,Gansu 741000,China;Qinzhou District High-tech Entrepreneurship Service Center of Tianshui,Tianshui,Gansu,741000,China;Tianshui Normal University,Tianshui,Gansu 741000,China;Fruit Industry Center of Maiji District,Tianshui City,Tianshui,Gansu 741020,China)

机构地区：[1]天水市果树研究所,甘肃天水741002 [2]天水市秦州区林业和草原局,甘肃天水741000 [3]天水市秦州区高新技术创业服务中心,甘肃天水741000 [4]天水师范学院,甘肃天水741000 [5]天水市麦积区果品产业中心,甘肃天水741020

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2025年第2期189-192,共4页South China Fruits

基　　金：天水市秦州区科技支撑计划项目(2024-NCKJG-3203);天水市秦州区科技支撑计划项目(2023-NCKJG3559);天水市科技支撑计划项目(2021-NCK-4383);国家现代苹果产业技术体系(CARS-27)资助。

摘　　要：“瑞雪”是西北农林科技大学用“秦富1号”作母本、“粉红女士”作父本杂交选育而成的黄色晚熟苹果新品种。2018年春季,天水市果树研究所从西北农林科技大学引进“瑞雪”进行栽植,并对植物学特征、果实主要经济性状、生长结果特性、物候期以及抗冻性与抗病性等进行观测分析,并总结其栽培技术要点。“瑞雪”平均单果质量279.3 g,最大单果质量329.5 g,果形指数0.91,果实圆柱形,果形端正,风味酸甜,果肉黄白色,肉质细,汁液多,香气浓;可滴定酸含量0.31%,可溶性固形物含量15.9%,去皮硬度7.82 kg/cm^(2),果实10月中下旬成熟,贮藏性好;11月下旬树体落叶,树势中庸健壮,短枝性状明显,栽植第4年每667 m^(2)产量1583.8 kg;第5年每667 m^(2)产量2216.8 kg。“瑞雪”在甘肃天水表现良好,具有易成花、着果率高、品质优良、抗病性强、较抗晚霜冻害等特点,作为晚熟黄色品种,适宜在甘肃天水及周边苹果产区推广栽植。Ruixue is a new yellow late-maturing apple cultivar bred by Northwest A&F University with Qinfu No.1 as seed parent and Pink Lady as pollen parent.Tianshui Institute of Pomology introduced this cultivar from Northwest A&F University for planting in the spring of 2018.The botanical characteristics,main economic characteristics,growth and fruit characteristics,phenological period,frost resistance and disease resistance of Ruixue were observed and analyzed,and the key cultivation techniques were summarized.The average fruit weight of this cultivar was 279.3 g,with the maximum fruit weight of 329.5 g and the fruit shape index of 0.91.The fruit was cylindrical,well-shaped,with sour and sweet taste,yellow and white flesh.The flesh was juicy,tender,with strong aroma.The titrable acid content was 0.31%,and the soluble solid content was 15.9%,with peeled fruit hardness of 7.82 kg/cm^(2).The fruit ripened in mid-late October and had good storage quality.Defoliation of Ruixue tree was at end of November.The tree vigor was moderate and robust,and the short branch character was obvious.The yield of Ruixue in the fourth year of planting was 1,583.8 kg per 667 m^(2).In the fifth year,the production was 2,216.8 kg per 667 m^(2).It had good performance in Tianshui,Gansu Province,with easy flower formation,high fruit setting rate,excellent quality,strong disease resistance,and better resistance to late frost and freezing damage.As a yellow late-maturing cultivar,it is suitable for promotion and planting in Tianshui and surrounding apple producing areas in Gansu Province.

关 键 词：苹果 品种 “瑞雪” 甘肃天水 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]