平台经济与实体经济的关系与演化——基于百度、阿里、腾讯和京东(BATJ)20余年大事记的典型案例研究  

The Relationship and Evolution between Platform Economy and Real Economy——A Typical Case Study Based on the Major Events of Baidu,Alibaba,Tencent,and JD.com(BATJ)over the Past 20 Years

作　　者：蔡宁伟[1] 葛明磊 姜平 Cai Ningwei;Ge Minglei;Jiang Ping

机构地区：[1]中信银行总行合规部整改督查处 [2]北京大学光华管理学院 [3]中共北京市委党校首都干部领导力与心理素养研究中心 [4]中南财经政法大学工商管理学院

出　　处：《兰州学刊》2025年第2期93-109,共17页

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“企业数字化转型情境中反向师徒制的有效性及作用机制研究:基于差异化需求满足的视角”(项目编号:72402233)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：当前,关于平台经济和实体经济的关系呈现两种不同的思路:一种思路认为两者是“对立的两面”,存在“此消彼长、此起彼伏”;另一种思路认为两者是“一体的两面”,存在“一荣俱荣、一损俱损”。尝试从类型学入手,厘清平台经济与实体经济的关系。采用案例研究的方法,以我国百度、阿里、腾讯和京东四大平台企业自成立以来20余年大事记为研究对象,借助编码分析,归纳平台经济与实体经济的发展演化。最后,提出平台经济与实体经济的作用模型,探讨了平台经济如何从内容、技术和模式三个方面持续加强与实体经济的互动,并对两者未来的全生命周期发展提出意见建议。研究发现:企业生命周期的不同阶段,平台经济和实体经济两者的关系存在动态变化;在初创期,两者存在竞争关系;在成长期,两者存在协作关系;在成熟期,两者存在协同关系。这一发现丰富了平台经济和实体经济的竞争、共生和演化理论,对平台企业、实体企业基于全生命周期的战略规划、转型发展和可持续发展都具有重要的借鉴意义和实践价值。Currently,there are two different perspectives on the relationship between platform economy and real economy:one perspective believes that the two are“opposing sides”,with the existence of“one disappearing and the other growing,one rising and the other falling”;Another way of thinking is that the two are“two sides of the same coin”,with“one prospers and the other suffers”.Starting from typology,clarify the relationship between platform economy and real economy.Using the method of case study,this study focuses on the major events of the four major platform enterprises in China,Baidu,Alibaba,Tencent,and JD.com,over the past 20 years since their establishment.Through coding analysis,the development and evolution of the platform economy and the real economy are summarized.Finally,propose a model of the role of platform economy and real economy,explored how the platform economy can continuously strengthen its interaction with the real economy from three aspects:content,technology,and mode,and provided suggestions for the full lifecycle development of both in the future.The study has found that there are dynamic changes in the relationship between platform economy and real economy at different stages of the enterprise lifecycle.In the initial stage,there is a competitive relationship between the two;In the growth stage,there is a collaborative relationship between the two;In the mature stage,there is a synergistic relationship between the two.This discovery enriches the theory of competition,coexistence,and evolution between platform economy and real economy,and has important reference significance and practical value for platform enterprises and real enterprises in strategic planning,transformational development,and sustainable development based on the entire life cycle.

关 键 词：平台经济 实体经济 混合经济 案例研究 大事记 百度阿里腾讯京东(BATJ) 

分 类 号：F49[经济管理—产业经济] F124