子女外出比、“不在场”反哺途径与老年人数字融入  

Children’s Outgoing Ratio, “Absent” Feeding Paths and Digital Integration of Elderly People

作　　者：李芳 李朝晖 Li Fang;Li Zhaohui

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《兰州学刊》2025年第2期181-194,共14页

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“乡村振兴背景下空心村复活潜能评估与推进路径研究”(项目编号:19AGL002)。

摘　　要：在我国人口老龄化程度不断加深且养老问题日益凸显的背景下,文章探究外出子女代际支持模式的新变化及其对老年人数字融入表现的影响,以推动数字转型社会持续稳健发展。在传统家庭养老支持系统基础上,提出“不在场”反哺途径的重要构成内容,并运用“第五次中国城乡老年人生活状况抽样调查”样本数据,开展基准回归分析、机制分析和异质性分析。研究发现,子女外出比能够显著正向影响老年人的数字融入表现,其中,对老年人互联网接入的影响最大,其次是网络交易功能、网络交流功能和网络娱乐功能使用。其影响机制在于外出子女能够通过子代经济支持、异地情感联系和社会养老服务利用等“不在场”反哺途径,助推老年人接入并使用互联网。异质性分析结果表明,子女外出比对不同性别老年人数字融入的影响存在差异性表现,对高龄、城市老年人数字融入的影响程度要分别高于中低龄、农村老年人。据此,研究建议重视和运用多元化的“不在场”反哺途径、以数字技术赋能“不在场”反哺途径和加速推进老年人积极融入数字社会。Against the background of China’s deepening population aging and the increasing prominence of old-age problems,we explore the new changes in the intergenerational support patterns of out-of-home children and their impact on the digital integration performance of the elderly,in order to promote the sustained and sound development of a digitally transformed society.On the basis of the traditional family support system for the elderly,the study proposes the important components of the“absent”support pathway,and utilizes the sample data from the Fifth China Urban and Rural Elderly Living Conditions Sampling Survey to carry out baseline regression analysis,mechanism analysis and heterogeneity analysis.The study finds that the children’s out-of-home ratio positively affects the digital integration performance of the elderly,with the Internet access of the elderly being the most influential,followed by online transaction function,online communication function and online entertainment function.The mechanism of this influence lies in the fact that out-of-home children are able to promote older adults’access to and use of the Internet through absenteeism,such as financial support from their offspring,emotional ties between different places,and the use of social services for the elderly.The results of heterogeneity analysis show that the impact of children’s out-of-home ratio on the digital integration of older people by gender is different,and the impact on the digital integration of senior and urban older people is higher than that of middle-aged and rural older people.Accordingly,the study suggests emphasizing and applying diversified“absence”feedback channels,empowering“absence”feedback channels with digital technology,and accelerating the active integration of the elderly into the digital society.

关 键 词：子女外出比 “不在场”反哺途径 老年人 数字融入 

分 类 号：C913[经济管理]