不同生长调节剂采前处理对‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄品质的影响  

Effects of Pre-harvest Treatments with Different Growth Regulators on the Quality of‘Shine Muscat’Grapes

作　　者：王剑功 李江阔 李春媛 陆小宇 赵建平[1] 顾卫军 刘磊 吴剑[1] WANG Jiangong;LI Jiangkuo;LI Chunyuan;LU Xiaoyu;ZHAO Jianping;GU Weijun;LIU Lei;WU Jian(Jiaxing Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jiaxing 314016,China;Institute of Agricultural Products Preservation and Processing Technology,Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Tianjin 300384,China;Hefei Hualing Co.,Ltd.,Hefei 230000,China;Hubei Midea Commercial Refrigeration Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Jingzhou 434008,China)

机构地区：[1]嘉兴市农业科学研究院,浙江嘉兴314016 [2]天津市农业科学院农产品保鲜与加工技术研究所,天津300384 [3]合肥华凌股份有限公司,安徽合肥230000 [4]湖北美的商用制冷设备有限公司,湖北荆州434008

出　　处：《保鲜与加工》2025年第4期126-133,共8页Storage and Process

基　　金：嘉兴市科技计划项目(2022AZ10008);2024—2026年区域试验站项目(2024QYGP03)。

摘　　要：以夏黑砧木的‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄为试验材料,研究不同浓度的单一生长调节剂处理花序对采后果实品质的影响,分析调节剂种类、浓度与葡萄品质之间的关系。以清水处理为对照,分别采用噻苯隆(3~12 mg/L)、赤霉酸(10~70 mg/L)和氯吡脲(3~12 mg/L)在盛花期处理花序,分析其对果实品质的影响。结果表明,与对照组相比,3~6 mg/L噻苯隆处理可显著提高葡萄单粒质量,但对总酸含量、固酸比及硬度等指标无显著影响。单独使用6 mg/L氯吡脲处理可使果实单粒质量达到14 g以上,无核率达98.00%,固酸比提高12.32%以上,并增加总酸中酒石酸的占比。30 mg/L赤霉酸处理的果实单粒质量超过14 g,无核率为97.00%,空心率仅53.33%;与对照组相比,果形指数提高19%,硬度提高40%。在果实颜色方面,经噻苯隆和赤霉酸处理的葡萄果实表面L^(*)值下降,b^(*)值上升,而氯吡脲处理则呈现相反趋势。在香气成分方面,各生长调节剂处理均减少了香气成分种类。与对照相比,低于9 mg/L的噻苯隆处理可使芳樟醇的相对含量提高2.80~14.20个百分点;氯吡脲处理不利于芳樟醇的积累,但可提高己醇、2-己烯醛等物质的相对含量;赤霉酸在质量浓度为50 mg/L时可同时提高芳樟醇、己醇和2-己烯醛的相对含量,而其他浓度下则不利于芳樟醇的形成。因此,单一生长调节剂处理在提升果实营养品质、改善果实外观、丰富‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄特征性香气成分方面展现出精准调控的优势,具有较大的应用潜力。Taking‘Shine Muscat’grapes with summer black rootstock as experimental material,the study investigates the effects of treating flower clusters with different concentrations of single growth regulators on the postharvest fruit quality of‘Shine Muscat’grapes.The relationship between the types and concentrations of growth regulators and grape quality is explored.Using water treatment as a control,flower clusters during full bloom were treated with thidiazuron(3~12 mg/L),gibberellic acid(10~70 mg/L),and forchlorfenuron(3~12 mg/L)to analyze their impact on fruit quality.The results indicated that compared with the control group,treatment with thidiazuron(3~6 mg/L)significantly increased single fruit weight,but had no significant effect on organic acid content,soluble solids to titratable acid ratio,and hardness.Treatment with 6 mg/L forchlorfenuron alone resulted in single fruit weight reaching over 14 g,a seedless rate of 98.00%,an increase of more than 12.32%in the soluble solids to acid ratio,and an increased proportion of tartaric acid among the organic acids.The fruits treated with 30 mg/L gibberellic acid had a single fruit weight exceeding 14 g,a seedless rate of 97.00%,and a hollow rate of only 53.33%.Compared with the control group,the fruit shape index increased by 19%,and hardness increased by 40%.Regarding color,grapes treated with thidiazuron and gibberellic acid showed a decrease in L^(*)value and an increase in b^(*)value on the fruit surface,while forchlorfenuron treatment had the opposite effect.In terms of aroma components,all growth regulator treatments reduced the types of aroma components.Compared with the control,treatment with forchlorfenuron at concentrations below 9 mg/L could increase the relative content of linalool by 2.80 to 14.20 percentage points.Forchlorfenuron treatment was not conducive to the accumulation of linalool,but it could increase the relative content of substances such as hexanol and 2-hexenal.Gibberellic acid at 50 mg/L could simultaneously increase the relative con

关 键 词：生长调节剂 赤霉酸 噻苯隆 氯吡脲 ‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄 果实品质 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]