透平机械二次流模型与试验方法研究进展  

Research Progress in the Secondary Flow Model and Experimental Method of Turbomachinery

作　　者：蔡佑林[1] 张恒 封培元[1] 王俊 孙翀 王立祥[1] CAI Youlin;ZHANG Heng;FENG Peiyuan;WANG Jun;SUN Chong;WANG Lixiang(Marine Design&Research Institute of China,Shanghai 200011,China)

机构地区：[1]中国船舶及海洋工程设计研究院,上海200011

出　　处：《船舶》2025年第2期13-27,共15页Ship & Boat

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(U2341242)。

摘　　要：二次流是主流的伴随流动,普遍存在于大自然与透平机械中,且以透平机械内的二次流最为典型。其不仅会改变主流运动、恶化流场,还会诱导边界层分离,加剧出口处射流尾迹,产生流动损失与噪声,故受到学者们的广泛关注,将其上升到与势流理论同等的研究高度。自20世纪50年代起,国内外学者们通过理论分析、试验研究与数值模拟等手段研究二次流现象,逐渐掌握了透平机械内二次流的流动机理与流动结构,不断完善了二次流数学模型、损失评估和试验方法。该文从二次流现象出发,系统回顾并总结了透平机械二次流结构、数学模型及其损失计算与试验方法,指出了ZANGENEH所建立的基于流向涡的二次流经典理论模型存在的问题;并基于二次流S3流面理论提出未来研究工作的重点方向,为包括喷水推进泵在内的各类透平机械内流场品质与流体动力性能的提升,提供一些思路和参考。The secondary flow is the concomitant flow of the mainstream,which generally exists in nature and turbomachinery,most typically in the turbomachinery.The secondary flow in the turbomachinery not only changes the motion of the mainstream,deteriorates the flow field,induces the boundary layer separation,intensifies the jet wake at the exit,but also generates flow losses and noise.It is therefore of increasing concern of scholars and has risen to the same research level as the potential flow theory.Since 1950s,scholars at home and abroad have studied the phenomenon of the secondary flow from the perspectives of theoretical analysis,experimental research and numerical simulation,gradually understanding the flow mechanism and structure of the secondary flow in turbomachinery and establishing a continuously improving mathematical model,loss assessment and experimental methods for the secondary flow.Starting from the phenomenon of the secondary flow,the flow structure,mathematical model,and loss calculation and test methods of the secondary flow of the turbomachinery are reviewed and summarized.It is pointed out that the classical theoretical model of the secondary flow based on streamwise vortex built by ZANGENEH has some limitations.The key directions for future research are proposed based on the S3 flow surface theory of the secondary flow.It can provide references for the improvement of the flow field quality and the hydrodynamic performance of various types of turbomachinery,including waterjet pumps.

关 键 词：透平机械 二次流 第三类相对流面S3 喷水推进泵 

分 类 号：TK730[交通运输工程—轮机工程] U661.1[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]