中国特色解决民族问题道路的早期探索——以西北军政委员会果洛工作团的工作为中心  

Early Exploration of the Correct Path to Solve Ethnic Issues with Chinese Characteristics:Focusing on the Work of the Guoluo Work Team of the Northwest Military and Administrative Committee

作　　者：萨仁娜[1] Sarenna

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学民族教育学院,西安710062

出　　处：《中国藏学》2025年第1期129-140,217,218,共14页China Tibetology

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“中国特色解决民族问题的实践与经验研究”(项目编号:23BMZ006)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：中华人民共和国成立初期,高度重视民族工作。派遣工作团或者访问团是西北军政委员会开展民族工作的重要途径。由于历史上长期形成的民族隔阂,果洛地方对中国共产党并不了解,对于从邻近涉藏地区听到的有关中国共产党的各种谣传将信将疑,议论纷纷。但在全国各地纷纷解放的政治形势下,部分果洛头人尝试通过各种途径联络中国共产党,欢迎解放果洛。在中央指示下,西北军政委员会专门组织和派遣工作团前往果洛地区。工作团在果洛召开联谊会,消除民族隔阂,解决长期存在的部落纠纷,并通过开展民族贸易、疾病防治、救助贫困群众等社会工作,以及组织果洛各阶层代表组成进京参观团等方式,实现了果洛地区的和平解放,推动了果洛地区民族区域自治工作的开展,增强了果洛人民对于新中国和中国共产党的政治认同,以及中华民族共同体意识的培育。西北军政委员会果洛工作团所开展的民族工作是中国共产党探索中国特色解决民族问题道路的早期探索,取得了显著成就。In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China,great importance was attached to ethnic work.Sending work teams or visiting delegations was an important way for the Northwest Military and Administrative Committee to carry out ethnic work.Due to the long-standing ethnic estrangement formed in history,the people in Guoluo area had little knowledge of the Communist Party of China.They were skeptical about the various rumors they heard about the Communist Party of China from the neighboring Tibetan-related areas and there was much discussion.However,under the political situation where all parts of the country were being liberated one after another,some tribal leaders in Guoluo tried to contact the Communist Party of China through various channels and welcomed the liberation of Guoluo.Under the instructions of the Central Committee,the Northwest Military and Administrative Committee specially organized and dispatched a work team to the Guoluo area.The work team held women's fellowship meetings in Guoluo to eliminate ethnic estrangement,resolved long-standing tribal disputes,and through carrying out social work such as ethnic trade,disease prevention and treatment,and assistance to poor people,as well as organizing a delegation of representatives from all walks of life in Guoluo to visit Beijing,achieved the peaceful liberation of the Guoluo area,promoted the development of ethnic regional autonomy work in the Guoluo area,and enhanced the political identity of the people in Guoluo towards New China and the Communist Party of China and the sense of the Chinese nation community.The ethnic work carried out by the Guoluo Work Team of the Northwest Military and Administrative Committee was an early exploration by the Communist Party of China in seeking the correct path to solve ethnic issues with Chinese characteristics and achieved remarkable results.

关 键 词：西北军政委员会 果洛 工作团 民族工作 

分 类 号：C958.121.4[社会学—民族学]