长林小蠹林间种群扬飞日节律观察及飞行能力测定  

Flight daily rhythm observation and flight ability assessment of Hylurgus ligniperda populations in forests

作　　者：顾颖 任利利[1] 骆有庆[1] 刘董浩 Gu Ying;Ren Lili;Luo Youqing;Liu Donghao(Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;The People’s Government of Bagai Township,BomêCounty of Nyingchi City,Nyingchi 860000,Xizang,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学林木有害生物防治北京市重点实验室,北京100083 [2]西藏自治区林芝市波密县八盖乡人民政府,西藏林芝860000

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2025年第4期1-9,共9页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1400300)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确长林小蠹扬飞的日节律,探讨饥饿和交配对其飞行能力的影响,以预测其扩散模式和种群空间动态,为精准防控提供科学依据。【方法】利用植物源引诱剂连续监测各时段长林小蠹的诱捕数量,以反映其野外的日飞行活动规律。利用飞行磨系统室内吊飞试验,测定长林小蠹的飞行能力及影响因素。【结果】(1)5月长林小蠹的日飞行节律呈两个高峰,分别出现在05:00—08:00和18:00—19:30。(2)24 h吊飞结果显示:长林小蠹累计飞行距离最长可达6.994 km,平均为(0.784±0.010)km;累计飞行时间最长为20.36 h,平均为(2.77±0.31)h;飞行速度最快为0.848 km/h,平均为(0.231±0.007)km/h。(3)未交配雄虫的累计飞行距离和累计飞行时间均高于未交配雌虫,交配后性别差异达到显著水平(P<0.01)。24 h饥饿处理后,雌雄成虫的飞行能力增强,且对雄虫的起飞次数、累计飞行距离、累计飞行速度和最大飞行速度的影响达到显著水平(P<0.05)。交配后,雄虫的起飞次数、累计飞行距离、累计飞行时间、最大飞行速度显著增加(P<0.05),雌虫的累计飞行距离和平均飞行速度小幅增加,而累计飞行时间和最大飞行速度小幅降低。【结论】本研究揭示了长林小蠹的日飞行节律主要集中在晨昏时段,其强大的飞行能力及以短距离迁飞为主的行为,可能对种群的空间动态和扩散模式产生重要影响。交配和饥饿显著增强雄虫的飞行能力,表明雄虫的飞行能力在种群扩散中可能发挥重要作用。研究结果为预测长林小蠹的扩散模式提供了理论依据,并为精准防控措施的制定提供了数据支持,尤其在考虑饥饿和交配等因素对其迁飞能力的影响时,具有重要的实践意义。[Objective]This paper aims to clarify the flight daily rhythm of Hylurgus ligniperda in forests,explore the impacts of starvation and mating on flight ability of males and females,so as to predict the dispersal patterns and population space dynamics of this pest in forests,and provide scientific basis for precise prevention and control.[Method]Plant-derived attractants were used to continuously monitor the number of H.ligniperda during different time periods to reflect its daily flight activity in the wild.Flight mills were employed to suspend and assess the flight capacity of H.ligniperda and its influencing factors.[Result](1)The daily flight rhythm of H.ligniperda showed two peaks,with peak flight periods occurring in 05:00−08:00 and 18:00−19:30.(2)The results of 24 h flight showed that the cumulative flight distance of H.ligniperda was up to 6.994 km,average was(0.784±0.010)km.The cumulative flight time was up to 20.36 h,average was(2.77±0.31)h.The maximum flight speed was 0.848 km/h,with an average of(0.231±0.007)km/h.(3)Unmated males’cumulative flight distance and cumulative flight time were slightly higher than those of the unmated females.The cumulative flight time of unmated males was slightly higher than that of unmated females,with significant gender differences observed after mating(P<0.01).24 h starvation treatment increased the flight ability of both male and female adults,and the effects on the number of take-offs,cumulative flight distance,cumulative flight time,and the maximum flight speed of males reached a significant level(P<0.05).The frequency of take-offs,cumulative flight distance,cumulative flight time,and the maximum flight speed of males significantly increased after mating(P<0.05),while females showed slight increases in accumulated flight distance and average flight speed,and slight decreases in accumulated flight time and maximum flight speed.[Conclusion]This study reveals that the daily flight peaks of H.ligniperda mainly occur during dawn and dusk.The beetle demonstrates st

关 键 词：长林小蠹 性别 饥饿 交配 飞行能力 飞行日节律 

分 类 号：S763.38[农业科学—森林保护学]