碳化汉麻秆纤维−氮化硼三维导热网络构建高导热环氧树脂复合材料  

Carbonized hemp fiber-boron nitride 3D thermal network for constructing highthermal-conductivity epoxy composites

作　　者：李淼 赵俊博 刘付 陈瑶[1] Li Miao;Zhao Junbo;Liu Fu;Chen Yao(Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Application of Ministry of Education,Key Laboratory of Beijing for Wood Science and Engineering,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Suzhou Baimin Electronic Material Technology Co.,Ltd.,Suzhou 215137,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学木质材料科学与应用教育部重点实验室,木材科学与工程北京市重点实验室,北京100083 [2]苏州佰旻电子材料科技有限公司,江苏苏州215137

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2025年第4期177-184,共8页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：广西林业科技推广示范项目(2024GXLK23)。

摘　　要：【目的】本研究旨在利用碳化汉麻秆纤维构建三维导热网络,解决传统环氧树脂(EP)复合材料中氮化硼(BN)填料添加量高导致的力学性能下降、加工性降低和成本增加的问题,提升环氧树脂的导热性能。【方法】采用碳化汉麻秆纤维(C)作为基础骨架,与氮化硼(BN)复合,利用二者协同增效作用构建高导热复合骨架,以环氧树脂(EP)为基体,制备BN-C/EP复合材料。通过表征材料的微观形貌、化学成分、力学性能及导热散热性能,研究其内部三维导热网络的形成机制和作用原理。【结果】(1)BN-C/EP复合材料中,碳化汉麻秆纤维相互交织并与改性后的BN协同作用,形成了丰富的三维热传导网络;其导热系数较EP提高了496%,每单位填料的导热系数提高了58.63%,有效降低了导热填料的添加量,从而降低了成本。(2)在跨面导热测试中,BN-C/EP复合材料的导热效率较EP提高了11.95%;在面内散热测试中,散热效率较EP提高了23.33%。这些结果表明,该材料在跨面导热和面内散热应用(如散热器)方面具有良好的潜力。(3)BN-C/EP复合材料的抗弯强度提高至68.7 MPa,较EP和BN/EP分别提高了2.08%和9.74%,满足作为热界面材料的使用条件。【结论】本研究利用高长径比的碳化汉麻秆纤维,成功构建了BN-C/EP复合材料的三维导热网络,显著提升了其导热性能。研究揭示了汉麻秆纤维在构建三维导热网络中的关键作用,其天然、环保、低成本的特性为复合材料的开发提供了新的思路。未来可进一步探索天然纤维与导热填料的协同作用机制,优化复合材料的微观结构,开发更高性能、更绿色的复合材料,以满足工业对高效热管理材料的需求。[Objective]This study aims to use carbonized hemp fibers to build a 3D thermal network,so as to solve problems like reduced strength,poor processability,and higher cost caused by high boron nitride(BN)filler content in epoxy composites,thereby enhancing the thermal conductivity of epoxy resin(EP).[Method]Carbonized hemp fibers(C)were selected as the base framework material and combined with BN to create a synergistic composite framework with high thermal potential.EP was used as the matrix to fabricate the BN-C/EP composite with enhanced thermal conductivity.The formation mechanism and working principles of internal 3D thermal network were investigated by characterizing the microstructure,chemical composition,mechanical properties,thermal conductivity,and heat dissipation performance of the materials.[Result](1)In the BN-C/EP composite,carbonized hemp fibers interwove and synergized with modified BN,forming a rich 3D thermal conduction network.The thermal conductivity increased by 496%compared with EP,and the thermal conductivity per unit filler increased by 58.63%,effectively reducing the amount of filler needed and lowering costs.(2)In through-plane thermal conductivity tests,the thermal conductivity efficiency of BN-C/EP composites increased by 11.95%compared with EP.In in-plane heat dissipation tests,the heat dissipation efficiency increased by 23.33%compared with EP.These results indicated that the material had good potential for applications in through-plane thermal conductivity and inplane heat dissipation(such as heat sinks).(3)The flexural strength of BN-C/EP composite increased to 68.7 MPa,an improvement of 2.08%over EP and 9.74%over BN/EP,meeting the requirements for use as a thermal interface material.[Conclusion]This study used high-aspect-ratio carbonized hemp fibers to build a 3D thermal network in BN-C/EP composites,which improved thermal conductivity significantly.It reveals the key role of hemp fibers in forming the network.Their natural,eco-friendly,and low-cost nature offers new ideas for comp

关 键 词：汉麻纤维 碳化 氮化硼(BN) 环氧树脂(EP) BN-C/EP复合材料 导热 散热 热界面材料 

分 类 号：S216.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程] V258.5[农业科学—农业工程]