山东林下和大田种植西洋参生长与次生代谢产物积累的差异研究  

Differences in growth and secondary metabolite accumulation of Panax quinquefolius between understory and field planting in Shandong,China

作　　者：王悦 毛欣颖 丁宇 于红霞 冉志芳 陈小莉 周洁 WANG Yue;MAO Xin-ying;DING Yu;YU Hong-xia;RAN Zhi-fang;CHEN Xiao-li;ZHOU Jie(School of Biological Science and Technology,University of Ji'nan,Ji'nan 250022,China;Weihai Wendeng Daodi Shenye Development Co.,Ltd.,Weihai 264400,China)

机构地区：[1]济南大学生物科学与技术学院,山东济南250022 [2]威海市文登区道地参业发展有限公司,山东威海264400

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2025年第6期1524-1533,共10页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家“十四五”重点研发计划项目子课题(2023YFC3503802);山东省重点研发计划项目(2022TZXD0036);中央本级重大增减支项目(2060302-2302-06);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2022MH101);鲁豫科技协作项目(2023-01)。

摘　　要：为比较林下和大田种植西洋参生长和次生代谢产物积累的差异,对不同种植模式下西洋参的生长指标、光合特性、土壤酶活性、次生代谢产物含量及抗氧化活性等指标进行检测对比,采用软件SPSS 25.0和GraphPad Prism 9.5进行单因素方差分析(One-way ANOVA)和相关性分析,利用Origin 2021软件绘图。结果表明与大田种植相比,林下种植西洋参株高、叶长、叶宽及光合速率、叶绿素含量等显著降低,丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)侵染率及侵染强度、人参皂苷含量和抗氧化活性显著提高,根际土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶的活性升高,非根际土壤脲酶和碱性磷酸酶的活性升高。相关性分析表明西洋参株高、叶长与净光合速率、蒸腾速率、叶绿素含量和电子传递速率等呈显著正相关(P<0.05),人参皂苷含量与净光合速率、叶绿素含量和电子传递速率呈显著负相关(P<0.05),与AMF侵染率及侵染强度呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与根际土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。该研究为揭示林下西洋参次生代谢产物积累的机制以及探索与实践西洋参林下生态种植模式提供基础数据。In order to compare the differences in growth and secondary metabolite accumulation of Panax quinquefolius between understory and field planting,growth indexes,photosynthetic characteristics,soil enzyme activities,secondary metabolite contents,and antioxidant activities of P.quinquefolius under different planting modes were examined and compared,and One-way analysis of variance(ANOVA)and correlation analyses were carried out by using the software SPSS 25.0 and GraphPad Prism 9.5.The Origin 2021 software was used for plotting.The results showed that compared with those under field planting,the plant height,leaf length,leaf width,photosynthetic rate,and chlorophyll content of P.quinquefolius under understory planting were significantly reduced,and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)infestation rate and infestation intensity,ginsenoside content,and antioxidant activity were significantly increased.The activities of inter-root soil urease,sucrase,and catalase increased,while the activities of non-inter-root soil urease and alkaline phosphatase increased.Correlation analyses showed that the plant height and leaf length of P.quinquefolius plant were significantly positively correlated with net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,chlorophyll content,and electron transfer rate(P<0.05),while ginsenoside content was significantly negatively correlated with net photosynthetic rate,chlorophyll content,and electron transfer rate(P<0.05)and significantly positively correlated with AMF infestation rate and infestation intensity(P<0.05).In addition,ginsenoside content was significantly positively correlated with the activities of inter-root soil sucrase,urease,and catalase(P<0.05).This study provides basic data for revealing the mechanism of secondary metabolite accumulation in P.quinquefolius under understory planting and for exploring and practicing the ecological mode of P.quinquefolius under understory planting.

关 键 词：林下种植 大田种植 光合特性 次生代谢产物 生态种植 

分 类 号：S567.2[农业科学—中草药栽培]