抚芎本草考证  

Textual research on Fuxiong

作　　者：穆芳园 田佳鑫[1] 李坤玉 马海光 高峰 MU Fang-yuan;TIAN Jia-xin;LI Kun-yu;MA Hai-guang;GAO Feng(Xiyuan Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100091,China;Hebei Baicaokangshen Pharmaceutical Co.,Ld.,Hengshui 053800,China)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院西苑医院,北京100091 [2]河北百草康神药业有限公司,河北衡水053800

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2025年第6期1715-1720,共6页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：中国中医科学院科技创新工程项目(CI2021A03704)。

摘　　要：抚芎具有悠久的栽培历史,自宋代《太平惠民和剂局方》始,抚芎一直被历代医家所使用,且在明清民国时期因某些原因,一度成为优势品种。但现代仅重视川芎,抚芎药用价值逐渐被忽视。该文从抚芎的名称、产地、基原、功效4个方面进行了系统考证,证明抚芎种植技术最晚成熟于宋代,相较于隋唐时期出现的川芎略晚;多年来其产地并未发生较大变化,主要在江西省内栽培;根据芎的基原考证分析,结合现代遗传学研究基本可以明确,早期的芎来源可能并非单一,随着栽培的普及,川芎最早成为道地药材,逐渐取代了芎并被临床所认可,川芎栽培后变种多倍体形成稳定遗传,形成了后来的抚芎;医家对抚芎功效认识也是逐渐深入的,最初认为是川芎的替代品,功效弱于川芎,金元医家朱丹溪、戴思恭等认为抚芎长于开郁,明清本草典籍明确提出抚芎长于开郁的观点,应区别于川芎使用,且在医案中明确体现应用差异。综合该文考证可知,尽管历代医家大多重视川芎的道地性,但抚芎作为传统应用的优势品种,历史脉络明晰,功效特点显著,值得继续深入研究。Fuxiong has a long history of cultivation.Since its first record in the Beneficial Formulas from the Taiping Imperial Pharmacy of the Song Dynasty,Fuxiong had always been used by ancient physicians and became a preponderant variety for some reasons during the periods of the Ming Dynasty,Qing Dynasty,and Republic of China.However,as for modern use,only Chuanxiong Rhizoma is valued,and the medicinal value of Fuxiong is gradually being overlooked.This article systematically researches the nomenclature,producing area,origin,and efficacy of Fuxiong,proving that the planting technology of Fuxiong matured in the Song Dynasty at the latest,slightly later than the emergence of Chuanxiong Rhizoma in the Sui and Tang Dynasties.Over the years,the producing area of Fuxiong has not undergone significant changes,and it is mainly cultivated within Jiangxi province.According to the analysis of the origin of Xiongqiong,combined with modern genetic research,it can be basically clarified that the early source of Xiongqiong may not be single.With the popularization of cultivation,Chuanxiong Rhizoma became a Dao-di herb earliest,gradually replacing Xiongqiong and being recognized clinically.After cultivation,the polyploidy of Chuanxiong Rhizoma varieties formed stable inheritance,forming the later Fuxiong.Medical experts have gradually deepened their understanding of the efficacy of Fuxiong.Initially,they believed that it was a substitute for Chuanxiong Rhizoma and had weaker efficacy than Chuanxiong Rhizoma.Medical experts in Jin and Yuan Dynasties such as Zhu Danxi and Dai Sigong believed that Fuxiong was good at relieving stagnation.Books and records of materia medica in the Ming and Qing Dynasties explicitly proposed the great ability of Fuxiong to relieve stagnation.Fuxiong should be distinguished from Chuanxiong Rhizoma when applied,and the application differences should be clearly reflected in medical records.Based on the comprehensive research in this article,it can be concluded that although most of ancient physicians have at

关 键 词：芎 抚芎 茶芎 功效 本草考证 

分 类 号：R282.71[医药卫生—中药学]