迈向AI治理的路径创新——论AI时代我国技术标准的发展动力、困境与前景  

An Innovative Path towards AI Governance: The Driving Forces, Challenges, and Prospects of China’s Technical Standards in the Age of AI

作　　者：徐静婷 Xu Jingting

机构地区：[1]中国标准化研究院——清华大学

出　　处：《治理研究》2025年第2期38-51,158,159,共16页Governance Studies

基　　金：中国标准化研究院基本科研业务费项目“人工智能社会实验的关键要素及相关标准化研究”(编号:572024Y-11409);国家市场监督管理总局科技计划项目“人工智能社会实验的关键要素及相关标准化研究”(编号:2024MK206)。

摘　　要：人工智能(AI)的快速发展表现出了前所未有的创新牵引动能与巨大变革效应,也历史性地带来了如何妥善处理人工智能自身治理的“反身性”问题。在这一背景下,传统硬法由于在AI治理上难以有效应对算法歧视等新型社会问题,软法治理理念应运而生。软法治理为技术标准在AI治理上发挥独特效能提供了全新的实践契机。聚焦技术标准这一特定类型的软法规范,着力实现我国技术标准的高质量发展尤其是充分释放其在AI治理上的软法效能在当前显得尤为重要。面向此目标,需要充分认识技术标准所具有的软化规制强度、优化规制主体、前移规制节点等优势,把握发展动力、厘清实践困境,并最终形成建设性治理路径。The rapid development of artificial intelligence,particularly its accelerated social embeddedness,has demonstrated unprecedented innovation-driven momentum and profound transformative effects.At the same time,it has introduced the challenge of how to properly address AI governance’s“reflexivity”problem.Against this backdrop,traditional“hard law”has struggled to address new social issues such as algorithmic discrimination in AI governance.“Soft law”has filled the void as an alternative form of governance but has also provided a fresh opportunity for the unique effectiveness of technical standards in AI governance.In light of this,focusing on technical standards as a specific type of soft law regulation and striving for the high-quality development of China's technical standards—particularly by fully leveraging their soft law effectiveness in AI governance—has become especially important.To achieve this goal,it is crucial to recognize the advantages of technical standards.They have the ability to soften regulatory intensity,optimize regulatory actors,and shift regulatory intervention upstream.At the same time,it is necessary to grasp the driving forces of development,clarify practical challenges,and ultimately establish a constructive governance pathway.

关 键 词：人工智能治理 技术标准 软法 硬法 协同规制 

分 类 号：D90[政治法律—法学理论] TP18[政治法律—法学]