Frequency Deadband Control of Grid-forming Energy Storage Inverter in Primary Frequency Regulation  

作　　者：Wei Zhang Zhenxiong Wang Yingjie Peng Jingting Wu Qiru Li Hao Yi Zebin Yang Li Li Fang Zhuo 

机构地区：[1]School of Electrical Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China [2]State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Company,Xi’an 710049,China

出　　处：《Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy》2025年第1期167-178,共12页现代电力系统与清洁能源学报(英文)

基　　金：supported by the Science and Technology of State Grid(No.4000-202432066A-1-1-Z)。

摘　　要：With the increased penetration of renewable energy sources,the grid-forming(GFM)energy storage(ES)has been considered to engage in primary frequency regulation(PFR),often necessitating the use of a frequency deadband(FDB)to prevent excessive battery charging cycling and mitigate frequency oscillations.Implementing the FDB is relatively straightforward in grid-following(GFL)control.However,implementing the FDB in GFM control presents a significant challenge since the inverter must abstain from providing active power at any frequency within the FDB.Therefore,in this paper,the performance of PFR control in the GFM-ES inverter is analyzed in detail first.Then,the FDB is implemented for GFM inverters with various types of synchronization methods,and the need for inertia response is also considered.Moreover,given the risk of oscillations near the FDB boundary,different FDB setting methods are proposed and examined,where an improved triangular hysteresis method is proposed to realize the fast response and enhanced stability.Finally,the simulation and experiment results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the above methods.

关 键 词：Primary frequency regulation(PFR) frequency deadband(FDB) grid-forming(GFM)control energy storage(ES)inverter 

分 类 号：TM46[电气工程—电器]