儿童照料可及性对女性就业质量的影响——基于中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据  

Impact of Childcare Access on the Quality of Women's Employment:Based on China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)Data

作　　者：张海峰 高艺 ZHANG Haifeng;GAO Yi(School of Finance,Taxation and Public Administration,Tongling University,Tongling 244061,Anhui;School of Public Administration,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan 430060,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]铜陵学院财税与公共管理学院,安徽铜陵244061 [2]中南财经政法大学公共管理学院,湖北武汉430060

出　　处：《安徽工业大学学报(社会科学版)》2024年第5期23-30,共8页Journal of Anhui University of Technology:Social Sciences

基　　金：安徽省高校社科重点项目:生育政策调整对女性劳动质量影响及其作用机制研究(2022AH051740);安徽省社会科学创新发展研究课题:安徽托幼服务可及性的女性劳动供给效应及政策支持研究(2023CX051);铜陵学院人才科研启动基金项目:托育服务可及性对已婚女性就业选择影响研究(2022tlxyrc29)。

摘　　要：利用中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)2016、2018、2020年数据,采用多项logit和Heckman样本选择模型,通过区分正规和非正规就业探讨儿童照料可及性对女性就业质量的影响。研究表明,儿童照料可及性是影响女性就业质量的重要因素之一。相比不工作而言,儿童照料可及性对女性非正规就业选择及其工资水平均有显著的正向影响,但是对女性选择正规就业及工资水平影响不显著。总的来看,儿童照料可及性主要影响了可以根据照料孩子需要调整工作时间的女性非正规就业。无论这一就业类型是女性个体主动选择还是被迫选择,关注正规就业和非正规就业地位的变化,通过发展普惠托育机构提高儿童照料可及性,加强非正规就业群体的社会保障,实行积极的劳动力市场政策对于提升女性就业质量是当务之急。Using China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)panel data for 2016,2018,and 2020,a multinomial logit model and a Heckman sample selection model are used to explore the impact of childcare access on women’s quality of employment by distinguishing between formal and informal employment.The study shows that childcare access is one of the important factors affecting women’s quality of employment.Childcare access has a significant positive effect on women’s informal employment choices and their wage levels compared to not working,but it does not have a significant effect on women’s formal employment choices and their wage levels.Overall,childcare access mainly affects women’s informal employment who can adjust their working hours according to the needs of childcare.Regardless of whether the type of employment is an active or forced choice of women,it is urgent to pay attention to the changes in the status of formal and informal employment,improving access childcare through the development of inclusive childcare institutions,strengthening social security for informal employment groups,and implementing active labour market policies are imperative to improve the quality of women’s employment.

关 键 词：儿童照料可及性 多项Logit模型 Heckman样本选择模型 就业质量 

分 类 号：F249.21[经济管理—劳动经济]