智能化精准喂养指导模式在先天性心脏病患儿术后喂养中的效果研究  

Study on the effect of intelligent precision feeding guidance mode in postoperative feeding of children with congenital heart disease

作　　者：耿潇潇 肖倩[1] 荣敬[2] 邢鑫欣 李党香[3] Geng Xiaoxiao;Xiao Qian;Rong Jing;Xing Xinxin;Li Dangxiang(School of Nursing,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China;Department of Pediatric Heart Center,Beijing Anzhen Hospital Afiliated to Capital Medical University,Bejing 100029,China;Department of Nursing,Beijing Anzhen Hospital Afiliated to Capital Medical University,Bejing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学护理学院,北京100069 [2]首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院小儿心脏中心,北京100029 [3]首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院护理部,北京100029

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2025年第12期887-896,共10页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

基　　金：首都医科大学临床专科学院(系)培养基金开放课题(CCMU2022ZKYXY020)。

摘　　要：目的探讨智能化精准喂养指导模式在先天性心脏病(简称先心病)患儿术后喂养中的应用效果,以期为先心病术后患儿提供科学、动态、有效的喂养管理方法。方法采用前瞻性、对照研究设计方案,以便利抽样法选择2023年3一12月就诊于首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院小儿心脏中心的144对先心病患儿及其主要照顾者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组和试验组各72对。对照组采用常规喂养指导,试验组在对照组基础上采用智能化精准喂养指导模式干预。比较2组先心病患儿的婴幼儿喂养指数(ICFI)、营养不良及体格发育状况、照顾者积极感受量表(PAC)评分情况。结果最终130对患儿及其主要照顾者完成本研究,对照组64对,试验组66对。对照组患儿男30例,女34例,月龄(11.64±5.03)个月;试验组患儿男35例,女31例,月龄(11.03±5.07)个月。对照组患儿主要照顾者中母亲53名,父亲/祖父母/其他照顾者11名;试验组患儿主要照顾者中母亲62名,父亲/祖父母/其他照顾者4名。术后3、6个月试验组患儿的ICFI分别为13.0(10.0,14.0)、15.0(13.0,15.0)分,高于对照组的11.0(9.0,13.0)、12.0(9.0,14.0)分,差异均有统计学意义(Z=8.23、22.32,均P<0.05);术后3、6个月试验组患儿的ICFI合格率分别为37.1%(23/62)、59.3%(35/59),高于对照组的19.7%(12/61)、31.6%(18/57),差异均有统计学意义(=4.59、8.99,均P<0.05);术后6个月时试验组体质量增长值为(1.78±0.46)kg,高于对照组的(1.50±0.52)kg,差异有统计学意义(t=-3.23,P<0.05),且术后6个月时试验组急性营养不良发生率为12.1%(8/66),低于对照组的25.0%(16/64),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.36,P<0.05);术后6个月时试验组患儿主要照顾者的PAC自我肯定、生活展望维度得分及总分分别为(23.45±3.57)、(11.97±1.91)、(35.96±4.92)分,高于对照组的(22.11±3.40)、(11.02±1.90)、(33.13±4.86)分,差异均有统计学意义(t=-2.20、-2.86Objective To explore the application effect of intelligent precision feeding guidance mode in postoperative feeding of children with congenital heart disease,in order to provide a scientific,dynamic and effective feeding management method for postoperative children with congenital heart disease.Methods A prospective,controlled study design was adopted to select 144 pairs of congenital heart disease patients and their primary caregivers who visited the Pediatric Heart Center of Beijing Anzhen Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University from March to December 2023 using convenience sampling method.They were randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group,with 72 pairs in each group,using a random number table method.The control group received routine feeding guidance,while the experimental group received intelligent precision feeding guidance mode intervention on the basis of the control group.Compared the infant and child feeding index(ICFI),malnutrition and physical development status,and primary caregiver's Positive Aspects of Caregiving(PAC)scores between two groups of children with congenital heart disease.Results Finally,130 pairs of children and their primary caregivers completed this study,with 64 pairs in the control group and 66 pairs in the experimental group.There were 30 males and 34 females in the control group,with an aged of(11.64±5.03)months;there were 35 males and 31 females in the experimental group,with an aged of(11.03±5.07)months.Among the primary caregivers of the control group,there were 53 mothers and 11 fathers/grandparents/other caregivers;among the main caregivers of the experimental group,there were 62 mothers and 4 fathers/grandparents/other caregivers.The ICFI of the experimental group at 3 and 6 months after surgery were 13.0(10.0,14.0)and 15.0(13.0,15.0)points,respectively,which were higher than those of the control group at 11.0(9.0,13.0)and 12.0(9.0,14.0)points,and the differences were statistically significant(Z=8.23,22.32,both P<0.05).The ICFI qualificati

关 键 词：儿童 先天性心脏病 喂养方法 照顾者 智能 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]