基于CPT效应矢量磁场测量技术发展现状与展望  

Development and Prospects of Magnetic Field Vector Measurement Techniques Based on CPT Effect

作　　者：王学锋[1,2] 刘崇泰 卢向东 李建军[1,2] 邓意成 徐强锋 Wang Xuefeng;Liu Chongtai;Lu Xiangdong;Li Jianjun;Deng Yicheng;Xu Qiangfeng(Beijing Institute of Aerospace Control Devices,Beijing 100854,China;Quantum Engineering Research Center of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航天控制仪器研究所,北京100854 [2]中国航天科技集团有限公司量子工程研究中心,北京100094

出　　处：《激光与光电子学进展》2025年第1期115-123,共9页Laser & Optoelectronics Progress

摘　　要：弱磁场的高精度测量在地质研究、地磁匹配导航等方面具有重要应用,单一原子磁力仪目前还无法实现地磁场大小与方向同时高精度测量,基于相干布居囚禁(CPT)效应的矢量磁场测量方法有望解决上述问题。首先介绍了基于CPT效应测量磁场矢量的原理,并根据测量磁场矢量是否需要辅助线圈,分两种方法详细介绍了基于CPT效应测量磁场矢量的技术发展现状。其次,提出了基于CPT效应测量矢量磁场的关键技术,包括矢量信息的连续实时测量、系统闭环控制及干扰抑制、有梯度磁场的准确测量。最后,从3个方面对基于CPT效应矢量测量技术的发展前景进行了展望,包括利用不同方向磁场标定数据补偿转向差、用微机电系统气室技术减少磁场梯度影响、光功率补偿算法消除功率波动等。High-precision measurement of geomagnetic field is important in many applications,including geology and geomagnetic-matching navigation.A single atomic magnetometer cannot simultaneously realize high-precision measurements of the magnitude and direction of geomagnetic field.A promising solution of magnetic field vector measurement is a type of atomic magnetometer based on coherent population trapping(CPT)effect.Firstly,the principle of measuring magnetic field vector based on the CPT effect is introduced.Then,two types of methods for measuring magnetic field vector with or without auxiliary coils are discussed,and three key technologies for measuring magnetic field vector based on CPT effect are discussed,including accurate measurement of gradient magnetic field,continuous real-time measurement of magnetic field vector,closed-loop control of measurement system,and interference suppression.Finally,the application prospects of CPT-based magnetic field vector measurement methods are explored from three aspects:calibration and compensation of heading error,reduction of the effect of magnetic field gradient with microelectromechanical system atomic vapor cell technology,and elimination of optical power fluctuations with an optical power compensation algorithm.

关 键 词：量子光学 原子磁力仪 相干布居囚禁 磁场矢量 

分 类 号：P716.82[天文地球—海洋科学]