2016-2022年深圳市某区自杀死亡流行特征及疾病负担分析  

Epidemiological Characteristics and Disease Burden of Suicide Mortality in a District of Shenzhen from 2016 to 2022

作　　者：李静[1] 刘金凤 陈亿雄[1] 张晟 李苑[1] 李淑珍 LI Jing;LIU Jin-feng;CHEN Yi-xiong;ZHANG Sheng;LI Yuan;LI Shu-zhen(Department of Infectious Disease Prevention,Baoan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenzhen 518101,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市宝安区疾病预防控制中心传染病防制科,深圳518101

出　　处：《伤害医学(电子版)》2025年第1期18-23,共6页Injury Medicine(Electronic Edition)

基　　金：深圳市宝安区医疗卫生科研项目(2023JD136)。

摘　　要：目的了解2016-2022年深圳市某区自杀死亡流行特征及疾病负担情况。方法资料来源于中国疾病预防控制中心的死因监测系统。采用死亡率、标化死亡率及潜在减寿年数(potential years of life lost,PYLL)、平均减寿年数(average years of life lost,AYLL)、减寿率(potential years of life lost rate,PYLLR)、标化减寿率(standardized potential years of life loss rate,SPYLLR)等指标描述自杀死亡及减寿特征。运用Joinpoint软件计算年度变化百分比(annual percentage change,APC)。结果2016年某区自杀死亡率与标化死亡率分别为2.71/10万与3.29/10万,2022年自杀死亡率与标化死亡率分别为5.39/10万与7.74/10万,2016年与2022年的自杀死亡率与标化死亡率APC分别为11.26%(t=4.16,P<0.05)与15.24%(t=7.90,P<0.05)。2016—2022年该区男性年均自杀死亡率高于女性(χ2=81.06,P<0.05)。自杀死亡率在10岁后随年龄的增长呈上升趋势,在15~19岁达到小高峰,之后保持相对较低水平,40岁后逐渐上升,65岁后快速上升,直至85岁回落。2016年AYLL、PYLLR、SPYLLR分别为47.56年、1.27‰、1.20‰,2022年AYLL、PYLLR、SPYLLR分别为46.49年、2.45‰、2.68‰,PYLLR、SPYLLR均呈上升变化趋势(t值分别为3.52、4.98,P<0.05)。结论2016—2022年深圳市某区自杀死亡率呈缓慢上升趋势,造成的疾病负担逐渐加重;男性、15~19岁及65岁以上居民是该区自杀发生的重点人群,提示我们应制定针对性的防治策略,加强自杀干预和监测工作,降低自杀死亡率。Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of death due to suicide and the subsequent disease burden in a district in Shenzhen,from 2016 to 2022.Methods The data were collected from the database of Death Cause Surveillance of China Disease Control and Prevention Information System.The characteristics of suicide deaths and life loss were described by mortality rate,standardized mortality rate,potential years of life lost(PYLL),the average years of life lost(AYLL),potential years of life lost rate(PYLLR)and the standardized potential years of life loss rate(SPYLLR)et.al.Joinpoint software was used to calculate the annual percentage change(APC).Results In 2016,the suicide mortality rate and standardized mortality rate in the district were 2.71 per 100,000 and 3.29 per 100,000,respectively.In 2022,the suicide mortality rate and standardized mortality rate were 5.39 per 100,000 and 7.74 per 100,000,respectively.The APC for suicide mortality rate and standardized mortality rate from 2016 to 2022 was 11.26%(t=4.16,P<0.05)and 15.24%(t=7.90,P<0.05),respectively.From 2016 to 2022,the average annual suicide mortality rate for males was higher than that for females(2-81.06,P<0.05).The suicide mortality rate increased with age after 10 years old,peaked briefly at ages 15-19,remained at a relatively low level until age 40,then gradually increased,and accelerated rapidly after age 65,falling back after age 85.In 2016,AYLL,PYLLR,and SPYLLR were 47.56 years,1.27 per 1000,and 1.20 per 1000,respectively.In 2022,AYLL,PYLLR,and SPYLLR were 46.49 years,2.45 per 1000,and 2.68 per 1000,respectively,with both PYLLR and SPYLLR showing increasing trends(t=3.52 and 4.98,respectively;P<0.05).Conclusion Between 2016 and 2022,the suicide mortality rate in the area showed a gradual upward trend,leading to increasing disease burdens.Males,adolescents aged 15-19,and seniors over the age of 65 were the key risk groups of suicide,indicating targeted prevention and control strategies should be formulated,and suicide intervention and su

关 键 词：自杀 死亡率 疾病负担 流行趋势 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]