2013-2022年重庆市江北区居民伤害死亡趋势分析  

Characteristics of Injury Mortality among Residents in the Jiangbei District,Chongqing City,China,2013 to 2022

作　　者：陈玥桥 满芮 程正 吴彩霞 郭世红 郭梅 CHEN Yue-qiao;MAN Rui;CHENG Zheng;WU Cai-xia;GUO Shi-hong;GUO Mei(Jiangbei Center of Disease Control and Prevention,Chongqing 400020,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市江北区疾病预防控制中心,重庆400020

出　　处：《伤害医学(电子版)》2025年第1期34-41,共8页Injury Medicine(Electronic Edition)

摘　　要：目的分析2013-2022年重庆市江北区居民伤害死亡变化趋势,为提供伤害防控策略提供科学依据。方法利用2013-2022年重庆市江北区居民伤害死亡监测数据,计算伤害死亡构成比、粗死亡率(crude death rate,CDR)、标化死亡率(standardized mortality ratio,SMR)、年度变化百分比(annual percent change,APC)。结果2013—2022年重庆市江北区居民伤害死亡共2076人,CDR为24.54/10万,SMR为21.46/10万,2013-2022年居民伤害CDR与SMR变化呈下降趋势(P<0.05);2013-2022年重庆市江北区居民伤害前五位死因依次为跌倒、道路交通事故、自杀、其他伤害和中毒;<5岁居民伤害死因首位为威胁呼吸的其他事件(3.25/10万),5~14岁居民的首位伤害死因为跌倒、道路交通事故和自杀(1.46/10万),15~64岁居民伤害死因首位为道路交通事故(5.92/10万),≥65岁居民伤害死因首位为跌倒(37.35/10万);因道路交通事故、中毒导致的CDR和SMR呈下降趋势,因其他伤害导致的SMR呈下降趋势(P<0.05)。结论尽管研究结果显示出2013—2022年重庆市江北区居民伤害SMR变化呈下降趋势,但是,老年人跌倒、其他年龄段的道路交通事故和自杀等伤害依然严重影响居民的健康与安全,今后应开展主要伤害类型的预防研究,同时应根据不同年龄组、不同性别的伤害死亡特征,制定相应的防控策略,为伤害预防与控制提供科学依据。Objective To analyze the trend of injury deaths among residents in Jiangbei District,Chongqing from 2013 to 2022,and to provide scientific basis for injury prevention and control strategies.Method Using the monitoring data of injury deaths among residents in the Jiangbei District,the proportion of injury deaths,crude death rate(CDR),standardized mortality ratio(SMR),and annual percentage change(APC)were calculated.Results From 2013 to 2022,a total of 2076 residents in the Jiangbei District died from injuries,with a CDR of 24.54/100000 and a SMR of 21.46/100000.The trend of changes in residents'injury CDR and SMR showed a significant decreasing trend year by year(P<0.05).The top five causes of injury among residents were falls,traffic accidents,suicide,other injuries,and poisoning.The top cause of death for residents aged<5 years was other respiratory threatening events(3.25/100000),that for residents aged 5-14 years was falls,traffic accidents and suicide(1.46/100000),that for residents aged 15-64 years was traffic accidents(5.92/100000),that for residents aged≥65 years was falls(37.35/100000).The CDR and SMR for traffic accidents and poisoning showed a decreasing trend year by year,while the SMR for other injuries showed a decreasing trend year by year,both of which were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions Although the results indicate that the SMR of injuries among Chongqing residents in the Jiangbei district had a decreasing trend from 2013 to 2022,falls among the elderly,road traffic accidents and suicides among other age groups still seriously affected the health and safety of residents.In the future,research on the prevention of major injury types should be carried out,and corresponding prevention and control strategies should be formulated according to the characteristics of injury death in different age groups and different genders,so as to provide scientific basis for injury prevention and control.

关 键 词：伤害 死亡率 死亡趋势 特征分析 

分 类 号：R195.3[医药卫生—卫生统计学]