国内甲苯硝化工艺发展综述  

Overview of Domestic Toluene Nitrification Process Development

作　　者：杨向东 朱红梅 乔洪虎 朱法厅 YANG Xiangdong;ZHU Hongmei;QIAO Honghu;ZHU Fating(CNOOC Petrochemical Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Jinan 250101,China)

机构地区：[1]中海油石化工程有限公司,山东济南250101

出　　处：《山东化工》2025年第6期120-122,125,共4页Shandong Chemical Industry

摘　　要：甲苯硝化工艺是化学工业中的关键环节,特别是在染料、医药、炸药及聚氨酯原料生产中占有非常重要的地位。本文系统地梳理了国内甲苯硝化技术的研究进展,着重探讨了甲苯硝化工艺条件的优化、新型催化剂的开发、绿色化发展以及安全管理策略等。结果显示,搅拌转速、加料速率和反应温度等工艺参数对硝化反应的效率和选择性有显著影响。多种型式催化剂的开发,为实现反应速率和产品选择性目标的提高给出了全新的解决方案。绿色化发展方面,通过改进工艺和采用环保催化剂,可有效减少废物的产生和排放。安全管理上,实施风险评估和建立实时监控系统,为甲苯硝化过程的安全性提供了有力保障。本综述不仅为甲苯硝化技术的未来研究提供了方向,也为化工生产的绿色化和安全化提供了参考。The nitration process of toluene is a key link in the chemical industry,especially playing a pivotal role in the production of dyes,pharmaceuticals,and explosives.This article systematically reviews the research progress of toluene nitration technology in China,focusing on the optimization of toluene nitration process conditions,the development of new catalysts,green development,and safety management strategies.The results showed that process parameters such as stirring speed,feeding rate,and reaction temperature have a significant impact on the efficiency and selectivity of nitrification reaction.The development of various types of catalysts provides new solutions for improving reaction rates and product selectivity.In terms of green development,improving processes and adopting environmentally friendly catalysts can effectively reduce waste generation and emissions.In terms of safety management,implementing risk assessment and establishing real-time monitoring systems provide strong guarantees for the safety of toluene nitration process.This review not only provides direction for future research on toluene nitration technology,but also provides reference for the greening and safety of chemical production.

关 键 词：甲苯硝化 工艺条件 催化剂 绿色化 安全管理 

分 类 号：TQ560.1[化学工程—炸药化工]