EN AW 6005A铝合金材料失效模型标定及对比研究  

Calibration and Comparative Study on Failure Models for EN AW 6005A Aluminum Alloy Materials

作　　者：张海波 余磊 姚如洋 孙光永[2] ZHANG Hai-bo;YU Lei;YAO Ru-yang;SUN Guang-yong(CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive Co.,Ltd.,Zhuzhou Hunan 412001,China;State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body,Hunan University,Changsha Hunan 410082,China)

机构地区：[1]中车株洲电力机车有限公司,湖南株洲412001 [2]湖南大学汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室,湖南长沙410082

出　　处：《计算机仿真》2025年第3期191-198,375,共9页Computer Simulation

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金(2022JJ40083);长沙市自然科学基金(kq2202157);中国博士后基金-面上项目(2022MW721091)。

摘　　要：铝合金作为一类力学性能优异的轻量化材料,被广泛应用于轨道列车车体中。当列车发生事故时,常常伴随着车体铝合金的大变形和断裂失效,如何建立高精度的断裂模型及准确的表征模型参数事关列车车体仿真分析的精度,严重影响列车的开发进度和品质。为此,针对车体用EN AW 6005A铝合金开展了一系列韧性金属断裂行为和失效模型标定的研究。首先,设计了EN AW 6005A铝合金在5种应力状态下的拉伸样件并借助数字图像相关技术(DIC)获取了样件表面的全场应变信息,然后通过数值仿真的方法准确获得了不同应力状态下的应力三轴度。最后对Johnson-Cook、GISSMO以及最大主应变这三种失效模型进行了标定。通过对比三种失效模型的仿真结果可知,GISSMO模型更加准确,因此更适合用于描述EN AW 6005A铝合金在复杂应力状态下的断裂行为。As a kind of lightweight material with excellent mechanical properties,aluminum alloys are widely used in railway vehicle's body.When an accident occurs,the aluminum alloys often undergo large deformation and fracture failure.Therefore,the accurate simulation of railway vehicle's body strongly depends on the high-precision failure model and its accurate parameters,which also substantially affects the development progress and quality of railway vehicle.In this paper,a series of investigations on fracture behaviors and failure model calibrations are carried out for EN AW 6005A aluminum alloy used for railway vehicle's body.Firstly,the tensile specimens of EN AW 6005A aluminum alloy under five stress states are design,the strain field on the surface of these specimens are measured by using digital image correlation(DIC),and the stress triaxiality under different stress states is accurately obtained by conducting numerical simulations.On this basis,three failure models,which including Johnson-Cook,GISSMO and the maximum principal strain,are calibrated.By comparing the simulation results of these three failure models,it can be seen that the GISSMO model has the superior accuracy,so it is more suitable for describing the fracture behaviors of EN AW 6005A aluminum alloy under complicated stress states.

关 键 词：铝合金 断裂失效 失效模型 参数反求 

分 类 号：TB24[一般工业技术—工程设计测绘]