分期导流围堰束窄水流三维数值模拟  

Three‑dimensional numerical simulation of water flow narrowing by cofferdams in phased diversion

作　　者：张雪敏 彭杨[1] 罗诗琦 张志鸿[1] ZHANG Xuemin;PENG Yang;LUO Shiqi;ZHANG Zhihong(School of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学水利与水电工程学院,北京102206

出　　处：《武汉大学学报(工学版)》2025年第4期551-561,共11页Engineering Journal of Wuhan University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51679088)。

摘　　要：针对围堰束窄河道复杂的水流流态,建立了基于Fluent的三维水流数学模型以模拟玻璃水槽中概化的分期导流围堰束窄水流运动。在利用试验资料对模型进行验证的基础上,模拟分析了不同束窄度下围堰附近的水流结构和紊动特性。结果显示,围堰进口附近水流呈现明显的三维特性:进口附近纵横向水位差较大,水流发生偏转和下潜,横向上有环流产生;下游水流发生分离,围堰一侧形成回流,且槽底附近回流范围小于水面;紊动能主要分布在束窄段靠近围堰一侧、水槽底部、下游回流区以及主、回流区交界面附近;随着束窄度的增加,围堰进口附近纵横向水位差、环流强度、下游回流范围以及紊动能的强度和影响范围均逐渐增大。该研究结果可为分期导流围堰工程设计提供参考。Aiming at the complex flow patterns in narrowed channel with cofferdams,a three-dimensional water flow mathematical model was developed based on Fluent to simulate the narrow flow movement of generalized phased diversion with cofferdams in glass flume.On the basis of using experimental data to verify the model,the flow structure and turbulence characteristics near the cofferdam with different constriction degrees were simulated and analyzed.The results show that the water flow near the inlet of cofferdam exhibits obvious three-dimensional characteristics,the longitudinal and horizontal water level difference near the entrance is large,and the water flow is deflected and submerged,which leads to the occurrence of lateral circulation.The downstream flow is separated,back-flow forms on one side of the cofferdam,and the range of back-flow near the bottom of the flume is smaller than that at the water surface.The turbulence kinetic energy is mainly distributed in the narrow section near the cofferdam,the bottom of the flume,the downstream back-flow zone,and near the interface between the mainstream and back-flow zone.With the increase of the narrowing degree,the vertical and horizontal water level difference near the cofferdam inlet,the circulation strength,the downstream back-flow range,and the intensity and influence range of turbulence kinetic energy increase gradually.This study results can provide reference for the design of phased diversion cofferdam engineering.

关 键 词：三维数值模拟 围堰 束窄水流 束窄度 水流结构 紊动特性 

分 类 号：TV131[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]