长时低热流环境喷雾冷却换热特性研究  

Study on heat transfer characteristics of spray cooling in long‑term low heat flow environment

作　　者：赵福云[1] 黄昕之 李斌 汪维伟 张宏亮 张春雨 ZHAO Fuyun;HUANG Xinzhi;LI Bin;WANG Weiwei;ZHANG Hongliang;ZHANG Chunyu(School of Power and Mechanical Engineering,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Suzhou Institute of Wuhan University,Suzhou 215009,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学动力与机械学院,湖北武汉430072 [2]武汉大学苏州研究院,江苏苏州215009

出　　处：《武汉大学学报(工学版)》2025年第4期612-620,共9页Engineering Journal of Wuhan University

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金三峡创新发展联合基金(2024AFD365);江苏省基础研究计划资助项目(BK20240449)。

摘　　要：为了揭示长时低热流环境喷雾冷却系统的换热特性,首先搭建了循环喷雾冷却试验台,利用CFD(computational fluid dynamics)仿真技术构建了三维传热模型;然后基于实验和模拟数据,分析了低热流密度下壁面温度和液膜的分布情况;最后探讨了喷雾高度、压力、表面张力和接触角等参数对喷雾冷却换热特性的影响规律。结果表明:当传热稳定时,待冷却壁面温度和液膜厚度均由圆心沿径向逐渐增高;随着喷雾高度降低和压力增大,表面温度会逐渐降低,表面换热系数增大,均温性变好,高度变化对喷雾冷却强化换热效果的影响更大;在去离子水中加入Tween20表面活性剂可以强化喷雾冷却换热性能,表面活性剂不存在最佳浓度,浓度越高,表面张力和接触角越小,换热性能越好。In order to reveal the heat transfer characteristics of spray cooling system in long-term low heat flow environment,firstly,a circulating spray cooling test bench was set up,and a 3D heat transfer model was constructed by using computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulation technology.Then,based on the experimental and simulation data,the wall temperature and liquid film distributions at low heat flux were analyzed.Finally,the effects of spray height,pressure,surface tension and contact angle on the heat transfer characteristics of spray cooling were investigated.The results show that the wall temperature to be cooled and the liquid film thickness increase gradually from the center of the circle along the radial direction when the heat transfer is stable.With the decrease of spray height and the increase of pressure,the surface temperature gradually decreases,the surface heat transfer coefficient increases,and the temperature uniformity becomes better,but the change of height has a greater impact on the enhanced heat transfer effect of spray cooling.The addition of Tween20 surfactant to deionized water can enhance the heat transfer performance of spray cooling.There is no optimal concentration of surfactant.The higher the concentration,the smaller the surface tension and contact angle,the better the heat transfer performance.

关 键 词：喷雾冷却 数值模拟 表面活性剂 换热性能 

分 类 号：TK124[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]