多沙河流水库水沙电优化调度研究  

Research on water-sediment-electricity optimization scheduling of reservoirs in heavily sediment-laden rivers

作　　者：李定乾 王增辉 唐文昕 宋炜杰 李立平 LI Dingqian;WANG Zenghui;TANG Wenxin;SONG Weijie;LI Liping(College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;Bureau of Hydrology,Changjiang Water Resources Commission,Wuhan 430010,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]长江水利委员会水文局,湖北武汉430010

出　　处：《水利水运工程学报》2025年第2期46-55,共10页Hydro-Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U2243238;52279076);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2452023325)。

摘　　要：为最大程度实现水库的综合效益,确保水库优化运用,将水库发电模块融入精准描述水沙输移、计算库区冲淤的水沙动力学模型,并采用基于高斯动态分布变异算子的遗传算法进行水库优化调度计算,构建了库区减淤与水库发电的水沙电优化调度模型。将该模型应用于三门峡水库进行水沙电模拟验证,同时以下泄流量为决策变量开展水库优化调度的研究。结果表明,水沙电模型能够较精准地模拟库区各测站水位流量过程,库区泥沙淤积量计算与发电量计算误差均小于5%。这说明水沙电动力学模型能与遗传算法有效结合,进行优化调度研究。在满足水库运行约束条件的前提下,通过调整汛期库水位,水库发电量提升了28%,库区泥沙冲刷量减少了8.8%。研究可为多沙河流水库的多目标优化调度提供参考。To maximize the comprehensive benefits of the reservoir and ensure its optimal operation,this study integrates the reservoir power generation module into a water-sediment dynamics model that accurately describes water and sediment transport and calculates the sedimentation and erosion in the reservoir area.A genetic algorithm based on Gaussian dynamic distribution variation operators is used to calculate the optimal scheduling of the reservoir,resulting in the development of an optimization scheduling model for sediment reduction and power generation.This model is applied to the Sanmenxia Reservoir for water-sediment-electricity simulation validation,with the downstream discharge flow rate as the decision variable in the optimization scheduling study.The results show that the water-sedimentelectricity model can accurately simulate the water level and flow process at various measuring stations in the reservoir,with errors in sediment accumulation and power generation calculations both less than 5%.The water-sediment dynamics model effectively integrates with the genetic algorithm for optimization scheduling.By adjusting the reservoir water level during the flood season,the power generation increased by 28%,while the sediment erosion in the reservoir area was reduced by 8.8%.This research provides a reference for multi-objective optimization scheduling of reservoirs in heavily sediment-laden rivers.

关 键 词：水库发电 库区减淤 水沙电模型 优化调度 遗传算法 

分 类 号：TV145[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]