互通式与独立式省水船闸闸室水流条件比较  

Comparison of flow conditions in the lock chambers of interconnected and independent water-saving ship locks

作　　者：张毅濠 王曙光 董思远 叶子豪 俞小彤 ZHANG Yihao;WANG Shuguang;DONG Siyuan;YE Zihao;YU Xiaotong(Shandong Provincial Communications Planning and Design Institute,Jinan 250101,China;College of Harbor,Coastal and Offshore Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省交通规划设计院集团有限公司,山东济南250101 [2]河海大学港口海岸与近海工程学院,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《水利水运工程学报》2025年第2期64-73,共10页Hydro-Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3206103);山东省交通规划设计院集团有限公司科技计划项目(KJ-2021-SJY-03)。

摘　　要：省水系统类型选择和设计是省水船闸输水系统的重难点,互通式和独立式两种型式的闸室水力特性尚不明晰。通过建立互通式和独立式布置下金家堰省水船闸整体输水系统三维数学模型,分析省水池向闸室输水过程中闸室水体流速分布、消能特性、船舶泊稳条件。研究结果表明:互通式布置下,最大流量时刻上闸首格栅室正、顶支孔出流不均匀,下闸首消力槛处出现显著漩涡,导致流速空间分布不均匀,省水池对侧且靠近下闸首的水体紊动显著,输水过程产生的长波运动会在闸室中部叠加,导致较大的水面纵向比降;独立式布置下,闸室流场分布对称性强,横支廊道侧支孔出流均匀,水面平稳,较互通式泊稳条件更优。在现有的布置条件下,独立式布置的闸室水流条件优于互通式,若采用互通式方案,需优化上下闸首消能工。The selection and design of water-saving systems are critical challenges in water-saving ship lock operations.However,the hydraulic characteristics of lock chambers in interconnected and independent water-saving system configurations remain unclear.A three-dimensional numerical model of the complete water delivery system for the Jinjia Weir water-saving ship lock was established for both configurations.The study analyzed flow velocity distribution,energy dissipation,and ship berthing stability during water transfer from the water-saving basin to the lock chamber.Results indicate that under the interconnected configuration,at maximum flow rates,uneven outflow occurs at the grille chamber near the upper head gate,and significant vortices emerge near the energy dissipation sill at the lower head gate,leading to uneven spatial flow velocity distribution.Turbulence is pronounced on the side opposite the watersaving basin near the lower head gate,and long-wave movements generated during the water transfer process amplify in the middle of the lock chamber,resulting in a significant longitudinal water surface slope.Under the independent configuration,the flow field distribution in the lock chamber exhibits strong symmetry,uniform outflow from lateral culvert side orifices,and stable water surfaces,offering better berthing conditions than the interconnected configuration.Under current conditions,the independent configuration demonstrates superior hydraulic performance.If the interconnected configuration is adopted,optimization of energy dissipation structures at the head gates is required.

关 键 词：省水船闸 互通式省水系统 支孔流量 水流条件 

分 类 号：U641[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]