硫化锂:全固态电池时代的“基石”材料  

Lithium sulfide:the"cornerstone"material in the era of allsolid-state batteries

作　　者：何特特 卢洋 刘洋 徐斌 陈永乐 刘芳洋 HE Tete;LU Yang;LIU Yang;XU Bin;CHEN Yongle;LIU Fangyang(School of Metallurgy and Environment,Central South University,Changsha 410083,Hunan,China;Hunan Energy Frontier New Material Technology Co.,LTD,Changsha 410208,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学冶金与环境学院,湖南长沙410083 [2]湖南恩捷前沿新材料科技有限公司,湖南长沙410208

出　　处：《储能科学与技术》2025年第3期898-912,共15页Energy Storage Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52474338,22109084);湖南省重点研发项目(2024JK2093,2023GK2016)。

摘　　要：硫化锂(Li_(2)S)作为合成高性能硫化物固态电解质的关键前体原料,是硫化物全固态电池实现产业化应用的“基石”材料。系统认知硫化锂材料的关键物性参数,开发高质量、低成本的规模化制备技术,对推动硫化物全固态电池产业发展具有重要战略意义。本文从论述硫化锂在全固态电池技术体系中的核心地位出发,重点解析硫化锂的基础理化参数、关键性能指标及其对产业化应用的关键影响。基于产业化可行性视角,系统归纳了五类具有产业化前景的制备工艺:锂硫化合法、碳热还原法、水合肼还原法、液相复分解法及硫化氢中和法。通过构建多维评价体系,从工艺特性、产品性能、安全风险及经济性等维度对各制备技术进行了对比分析,进而阐明制约当前硫化锂产业化进程的关键瓶颈,提出了针对性优化策略,并展望未来规模化制备技术的发展方向。为硫化锂的工业化生产及其在硫化物全固态电池中的高效应用提供参考,助力硫化物固态电解质体系的技术升级与成本优化。Lithium sulfide(Li_(2)S),as a critical precursor for synthesizing high-performance sulfide solid electrolytes,forming the foundation of the industrial development of sulfide-based all-solid-state batteries(ASSBs).Achieving a deep understanding of Li_(2)S's key physicochemical properties,alongside advancing high-quality,cost-effective,and scalable fabrication techniques,is strategically significant for the sulfide ASSB industry.This study elucidates the central role of Li_(2)S within the technological framework of ASSBs,emphasizing its core physicochemical parameters,key performance metrics,and their critical impact on industrial applications.Five promising synthesis methos are systematically reviewed from an industrial feasibility perspective,including direct sulfurization of metallic lithium,carbothermal reduction,hydrazine hydrate reduction,liquid-phase metathesis,and hydrogen sulfide neutralization.A multidimensional evaluation framework is constructed to compare these techniques across several dimensions,such as process characteristics,product performance,safety risks,and economic viability.This analysis identifies the key bottlenecks restricting the industrialization of Li_(2)S and proposes targeted strategies for optimization.Potential future directions in large-scale production technologies are also outlined.This study aims to serve as a valuable reference for the industrial production of Li_(2)S and its efficient integration into sulfidebased all-solid-state batteries,thereby facilitating technological advancements and cost reductions in sulfide solid electrolyte systems.

关 键 词：硫化物全固态电池 硫化锂 产品指标 量产技术 成本 

分 类 号：TK02[动力工程及工程热物理]