上海冬季高校学生宿舍自然通风策略研究与分析  

Research and Numerical Analysis of Natural Ventilation Strategies in Winter for University Student Dormitories in Shanghai

作　　者：莫景然 刘春元 刘东旭 徐展飞 卢彩苗 肖伟 Mo Jingran;Liu Chunyuan;Liu Dongxu;Xu Zhanfei;Lu Caimiao;Xiao Wei(The College of Urban Construction and Safety Engineering,Shanghai Institute of Technology,Shanghai,201418)

机构地区：[1]上海应用技术大学城市建设与安全工程学院,上海201418

出　　处：《制冷与空调(四川)》2025年第2期170-178,共9页Refrigeration and Air Conditioning

摘　　要：随着非典型肺炎(SARS)、甲型H1N1流感、新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)等呼吸道传染病在全球各地相继爆发,高校宿舍作为流动性大和人员密度高的场所,病毒在人际间的传播也成为关注的热点。为调查学生的通风行为对舒适度和患病情况的影响,对上海某高校学生冬季宿舍通风行为进行走访和问卷,将通风行为和患病情况进行相关性分析,并在此基础上模拟不同换气次数下的宿舍气溶胶分布,分析学生的接触风险。结果显示,72.6%的学生采用开窗通风的方式,将通风行为与受访者罹患感冒的频率进行分析,发现自然通风行为与患病情况存在一定的显著相关性,学生处于长时间不通风的环境更容易罹患感冒;换气次数为3次/h和6次/h时,气溶胶颗粒容易落在下铺学生身上,换气次数为9次/h时,宿舍气溶胶浓度更低,分布更均匀。With the global outbreaks of respiratory infectious diseases such as SARS,H1N1,and COVID-19,the transmission of viruses in high-mobility and densely populated spaces like university dormitories has become a significant concern.This study investigates the impact of students' ventilation behavior on comfort and illness in a winter setting.Through on-site visits and questionnaires conducted at a Shanghai university,the correlation between ventilation practices and illness frequencies is analyzed.Furthermore,the study simulates dormitory aerosol distribution under different ventilation frequencies to assess students' exposure risks.The results reveal that 72.6% of students prefer window ventilation.Correlation analysis between ventilation practices and the frequency of flu contraction indicates a significant association,suggesting that students in inadequately ventilated environments are more susceptible to illness.Aerosol particles tend to settle on students in lower bunks at ventilation frequencies of 3times/h and6times/h,while a ventilation frequency of 9times/h leads to lower aerosol concentrations and a more even distribution in the dormitory.This research provides insights into effective ventilation strategies for mitigating airborne transmission risks in university dormitories,particularly during the winter months.

关 键 词：高校宿舍 问卷调查 相关性分析 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TU834.1[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]