北京地铁10号线东南区短时强客流缓解策略  

Strategies for Alleviating Short-term Strong Passenger Flow on the Southeast Section of Beijing Metro Line 10

作　　者：靳文琦 梁露 JIN Wenqi;LIANG Lu(Beijing Subway Limited,Beijing 100000,China;Beijing Metro Operation Administration Corporation Limited,Beijing 100000,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市地铁运营有限公司,北京100000 [2]北京市轨道交通运营管理有限公司,北京100000

出　　处：《黑龙江交通科技》2025年第4期104-109,共6页Communications Science and Technology Heilongjiang

摘　　要：北京地铁网络日益密集,10号线作为连接中心城区与周边区域的环形骨干线路,有效串联了多条径向线路,显著缓解了中心区域的交通拥堵问题。随着网络规模的扩张和客流量的持续增长,高峰时段出现了多层客流堆积等复杂情况。针对多维度单向连续周期性的客流峰谷特征,采用了“精准投放”策略,通过合理分配运力,并结合站车协同的限流方法,在特定时空条件下开行大站快车,以实现“削峰填谷”的效果。通过深入分析当前客流量与运力供需关系,识别出导致“上车难”和“晚点率高”的关键因素。这些因素包括短时强客流对计划运力的冲击、设备稳定性不足、车站结构设计上的缺陷以及乘客行为等,导致了司机开关门操作时间的延长。提出了决策方案,旨在通过优化运力配置和引导乘客行为等措施,缓解高峰时段的客流压力。在7:00~9:00高峰时段,巴沟至十里河方向每小时增加至27列车次,提升分时客流断面满载率7.13%。在特定时间(8:15、8:25、8:35)增加大站快车至双井站,实现了“精准投放”的目标。这些措施使双井站的乘车效率提升了47.85%,使延误、晚点的发生率降低了37.56%,从而缓解了东南区段“上车难”和“晚点率高”的突出问题。With the increasing density of the Beijing metro network,Line 10 serves as a vital circular backbone route connecting the central urban area with surrounding regions,significantly alleviating traffic congestion in the central zone.However,the expansion of the network and the continuous growth in passenger flow have led to complex situations,such as multi-layered passenger accumulation during peak hours.To address the multidimensional,unidirectional,and cyclical characteristics of passenger flow peaks and valleys,a“precision deployment”strategy was adopted.This involved rationally allocating capacity and implementing station-train collaborative flow control methods,including running express trains during specific time-space conditions to achieve a“peak shaving and valley filling”effect.In-depth analysis of the current relationship between passenger flow and capacity supply and demand identified key factors contributing to“boarding difficulties”and“high delay rates”.These factors included the impact of short-term strong passenger flow on planned capacity,insufficient equipment stability,design flaws in station structures,and passenger behavior,all of which extended the time drivers took to open and close doors.A decision-making plan was proposed to alleviate the passenger flow pressure during peak hours by optimizing capacity allocation and guiding passenger behavior.During the peak period from 7:00 to 9:00,the number of train services from Bagou to Shilijie was increased to 27 trains per hour,improving the full load rate at peak passenger flow times by 7.13%.Additionally,express trains were added at specific times(8:15,8:25,8:35)to the Shuangjing station,achieving the goal of“precision deployment.”These measures have increased the boarding efficiency of Shuangjing Station by 47.85%and reduced the incidence of delays and lateness 37.56%,thereby alleviating the prominent issues of“boarding difficulties”and“high delay rates”in the southeast section.

关 键 词：短时强客流 大站快车 站车协同限流 运营优化 

分 类 号：U231[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]