基于客流的公交米级车型适配框架构建  

Construction of Meter-level Bus Type Adaptation Framework Based on Passenger Flow

作　　者：郝韵 倪丹 陈兴付 HA Yun;NI Dan;CHEN Xingfu(Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;Beijing Public Transport Corporation,Beijing 100161,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学,北京100124 [2]北京公共交通控股(集团)有限公司,北京100161

出　　处：《黑龙江交通科技》2025年第4期119-125,共7页Communications Science and Technology Heilongjiang

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金:激光雷达点云数据下三维有效视距自动检查及道路安全分析(8232005)。

摘　　要：针对公交系统运力与乘客需求不适配、在车辆满载率过低时产生资源浪费的问题,在既有调度方案已成体系且能满足车辆周转需求的前提下,以北京市为例,基于公交IC卡数据分析客流的时空分布特征,通过谱聚类及时序图聚类法将全市公交线路分为双峰型、单峰型、平峰型,通过分析车型适配影响因素,构建了公交米级车型适配框架。应用该框架,选取6条典型公交线路做车型适配结果分析。研究表明仅有北京公交5路车型匹配性较好,其余线路均需进行车辆小型化,且适配方案均在合理范围内提升了车辆满载率。To solve the problem of mismatch between the capacity of the public transportation system and passenger demand,and the waste of resources when the vehicle full rate is too low.Under the premise that the existing scheduling scheme has become a system and can meet the demand of vehicle turnover,taking Beijing as an example,we analyze the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of passenger flow based on the bus IC card data and divide the city’s bus routes into double-peak,single-peak,and flat-peak through spectral clustering and temporal order graph clustering,and construct a bus model adaptation framework at the meter level by analyzing the influences of model adaptation.By applying this framework,six typical bus lines were selected to interpret the results of model fitment.The study shows that only Beijing Bus 5 has better model matching,and the rest of the routes need to be miniaturized.The adaptive solutions are within a reasonable range to improve the full load rate of the vehicles.

关 键 词：公交车型 车辆满载率 额定载客量 乘客舒适度 

分 类 号：U492.431[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]