碳源形态与分布对脱氮除磷效能及功能菌群的影响  

Impact of Carbon Source Form and Distribution on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal Efficiency and Functional Microbial Communities

作　　者：林书轩 刘轶 李志刚 舒彬 曹猛 肖安琪 周健[1] LIN Shu-xuan;LIU Yi;LI Zhi-gang;SHU Bin;CAO Meng;XIAO An-qi;ZHOU Jian(Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment,Chongqing 400045,China;Chongqing Water Group Co.Ltd.,Chongqing 400010,China;Southwest Municipal Engineering Design&Research Institute of China,Chengdu 610213,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400045 [2]重庆水务集团股份有限公司,重庆400010 [3]中国市政工程西南设计研究总院有限公司,四川成都610213

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2025年第7期8-16,共9页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：重庆水务环境控股集团有限公司科技创新项目(2022-07);重庆市科研创新项目(CYS23142)。

摘　　要：针对城镇污水脱氮除磷系统中碳源利用率低的问题,研究了3种不同运行工况的序批式反应器SBR-AOA(厌氧-好氧-缺氧)、SBR-AAO(厌氧-缺氧-好氧)、SBR_(-OA)(好氧-缺氧)系统中碳源的形态与分布,并解析其对系统脱氮除磷效能及微生物菌群的影响。结果表明,在3组反应器中,碳源的形态与分布、脱氮除磷效能均有明显差别。在温度为25~30℃、DO为2~4 mg/L、COD/TN值为7.5、排水比为0.4的条件下,SBR-AOA系统的NH_(4)^(+)-N、TN、TP平均去除率分别为98.25%、90.35%、99.60%,较SBR-AAO和SBR_(-OA)系统分别高2.17%、15.12%、0.10%和11.35%、5.51%、6.20%。SBR-AOA系统中厌氧段的PHAs合成速率及好氧段的硝化速率显著高于SBR-AAO和SBR_(-OA)系统,前置厌氧段与后置缺氧段有利于转变碳源的形态、优化碳源分配,避免了有机物对自养硝化菌的胁迫,并促进了异养硝化菌-好氧反硝化菌群的富集。各系统中的优势脱氮功能菌属主要有Nitrospira、Rhodobacter、Candidatus_Competibacter、Thauera、Hyphomicrobium、Ferruginibacter、Dechloromonas,SBR-AOA系统中硝化、反硝化、聚磷菌属的丰度及脱氮关键酶活性均显著高于另外两个系统,碳源形态及分布对功能菌群的富集影响显著。This study investigated the form and distribution of carbon sources in three sequential batch reactors operating under different conditions:SBR-AOA(anaerobic-oxic-anoxic),SBR-AAO(anaerobic-anoxic-oxic),and SBR_(-OA)(oxic-anoxic)to address the low carbon source utilization rate in nitrogen and phosphorus removal systems for municipal wastewater.The impacts on nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency as well as microbial community composition were analyzed.Among the three reactors,there were significant differences in the form and distribution of carbon sources as well as in the efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus removal.Under conditions of 25-30℃,DO of 2-4 mg/L,COD to TN ratio(COD/TN)of 7.5,and drainage ratio of 0.4,the SBR-AOA system achieved average removal efficiencies of 98.25%for NH_(4)^(+)-N,90.35%for TN,and 99.60%for TP,which were 2.17%,15.12%,and 0.10%higher for the SBR-AAO system,and 11.35%,5.51%,and 6.20%higher for the SBR_(-OA)system.In the SBR-AOA system,the PHAs synthesis rate and nitrification rate during the anaerobic phase were significantly higher than those in the SBR-AAO and SBR_(-OA)systems.The pre-anaerobic and postanoxic periods facilitated the transformation of carbon source forms and optimized carbon source distribution,thereby mitigating the adverse effects of organic matters on autotrophic nitrifying bacteria.Additionally,these phases promoted the enrichment of heterotrophic nitrifying bacteria and aerobic denitrifying bacteria.Nitrospira,Rhodobacter,Candidatus_Competibacter,Thauera,Hyphomicrobium,Ferruginibacter,and Dechloromonas were the predominant bacterial genera for nitrogen removal in the three systems.In the SBR-AOA system,the abundance of nitrifying,denitrifying,and phosphorusaccumulating bacteria,as well as the activities of key denitrification enzymes,were significantly higher compared to the other two systems,indicating that the form and distribution of carbon sources had a substantial impact on the enrichment of functional bacteria.

关 键 词：城镇污水 运行工况 碳源形态 脱氮除磷 微生物菌群 

分 类 号：TU992[建筑科学—市政工程]