广州市流溪河抗生素污染水平及源解析  

Pollution level and source apportionment of antibiotics in Liuxi river,Guangzhou,China

作　　者：余璇 张路路 张景茹 于凌云 刘思佳 郁倩倩 郭凌川 YU Xuan;ZHANG Lu-lu;ZHANG Jing-ru;YU Ling-yun;LIU Si-jia;YU Qian-qian;GUO Ling-chuan(Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control of New Pollutants,Guangdong Academy of Environmental Sciences,Guangzhou 510045,China;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Benchmarks and Risk Assessment,Key Laboratory of Ecological Effects and Risk Assessment of Chemicals,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Chinese Academy of Environmental Sciences)

机构地区：[1]广东省环境科学研究院,新污染物风险评估与管控实验室,广州510045 [2]中国环境科学研究院,环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2025年第4期303-309,330,共8页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

基　　金：2022年广东省环保专项资金项目(粤财资环〔2022〕18号);2023年广东省环保专项资金项目(粤财资环〔2023〕12号);2024年广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(粤基金字〔2024〕4号)。

摘　　要：目的分析广州市流溪河抗生素的污染特征及其来源。方法2023年2月和9月分别采集流溪河15个断面水体样品,采用高效液相色谱串联质谱仪测定水样中磺胺类、四环素类、大环内酯类、喹诺酮类等40种抗生素的浓度水平,分析比较不同断面的抗生素污染特征,使用主成分分析法对流溪河中抗生素的污染来源进行识别。结果流溪河中40种抗生素均检出,抗生素的种类和浓度呈现出明显的季节性分布差异,枯水期从上游到下游呈增长趋势。流溪河抗生素枯水期浓度高于丰水期,枯水期抗生素总浓度为135.76 ng/L,主要污染物是土霉素和米诺环素;丰水期抗生素总浓度为21.47 ng/L,主要污染物是磺胺甲恶唑。结论流溪河抗生素主要来源途径有畜禽养殖、水产养殖、制药废水、生活污水。Objective To analyze the pollution characteristics of antibiotics and primarily identify their sources in Liuxi river,Guangzhou,China.Methods Water samples from 15 sections of Liuxi river were collected in February and September 2023,respectively.The high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to determine the concentration levels of 40 antibiotics in the water samples,such as sulfonamides,tetracyclines,macrolides,and quinolones.The characteristics of antibiotic pollution in different sections were analyzed and compared.A principal component analysis was used to identify the sources of antibiotic pollution in Liuxi river.Results The results showed that all 40 antibiotics were detected in Liuxi river,and the types and concentrations of antibiotics showed obvious seasonal distribution variation,with an increasing trend from upstream to downstream in dry season.The concentration of antibiotics in Liuxi river in dry season was higher than that in wet season.The total concentration of antibiotics was 135.76 ng/L with oxytetracycline and minocycline being the two main antibiotics in dry season.The total concentration of antibiotics was 21.47 ng/L with sulfamethoxazole being the main antibiotics in wet season.Conclusion Antibiotics in Liuxi river are mainly derived from livestock and poultry breeding,aquaculture,pharmaceutical wastewater,and domestic sewage.

关 键 词：水体 抗生素 主成分分析 正交矩阵因子分解(PMF) 源解析 

分 类 号：R123.2[医药卫生—环境卫生学]