医用耗材价格监测与趋势分析——以南宁市为例  

The Price Monitoring and Trend Analysis of Medical Consumables——Evidence from Nanning City

作　　者：马俊辉 石菊[1] 王小倩 黄时毅 

机构地区：[1]北京大学经济学院,北京100080 [2]南开大学金融学院,天津300350 [3]广西壮族自治区南宁市医疗保障局,南宁530001

出　　处：《中国医疗保险》2025年第4期68-74,共7页China Health Insurance

基　　金：广西壮族自治区南宁市医疗保障局委托项目“南宁市医药价格动态监测机制研究”。

摘　　要：目的:探索医用耗材价格监测的科学路径,通过编制价格指数监测价格变化,弥补相关理论研究不足,为完善医药价格治理体系提供实践参考。方法:基于南宁市2022年1月至2023年9月的医保报销数据,构建月度医用耗材链式费氏价格指数,从整体情况、耗材级别以及销售渠道维度分析耗材价格的变化趋势和原因。结果:监测期内医用耗材价格呈现持续下降趋势,平均降幅达15.2%。全自费耗材受高值医用耗材集采影响大,驱动了整体价格下降。市场主体性质差异导致价格分化,药店渠道价格在波动中上涨,医疗机构渠道价格稳定下降,非营利性医疗机构降幅显著大于营利性医疗机构。此外,高级别医疗机构降幅大于低级别医疗机构。建议:持续深化医用耗材监测工作,发挥价格监测对医疗服务改革的支撑作用,实施分级分类价格监测策略,纳入营利性医疗机构、零售药店等多元市场主体,构建全产业监测协同机制。Objective:This study explores a scientific approach to monitoring medical consumable prices by establishing a price index,and aims to make up for the lack of relevant theoretical research and provide practical insights for improving pharmaceutical pricing governance system.Methods:A monthly chain-linked Fisher price index is developed using medical insurance reimbursement data from Nanning City from January 2022 to September 2023.Medical consumable price trends and driving factors are analyzed across overall conditions,consumable categories,and distribution channels.Results:During the monitoring period,medical consumable prices show a continuous decline,with an average decrease of 15.2%.Consumables that are paid fully out-of-pocket experience a significant price reduction due to centralized procurement of high-value items,driving the overall price drop.Price differentiation emerges due to variations in market entity characteristics.While the price of consumables distributed through pharmacies increase amid fluctuations,the price of consumables in hospitals decline steadily.Non-profit medical institutions experience a greater price reduction compared to for-profit institutions.Additionally,higher-level medical institutions experience a larger price drop than lower-level ones.Conclusion:It is suggested to continue to deepen the monitoring of medical consumables,and leverage the supportive role of price monitoring for medical system reform.We recommend the government to implement tiered and categorized price monitoring strategies,include diverse market entities such as for-profit medical institutions and retail pharmacies,and establish a collaborative monitoring mechanism across the entire industry.

关 键 词：价格监测 医用耗材 价格指数 医药价格 

分 类 号：F840.684[经济管理—保险]