窿缘桉茎腐病病原菌的分离鉴定及生物学特性分析  

Isolation,Identification and Biological Characteristics Analysis of the Pathogen of Stem Rot on Eucalyptus exserta

作　　者：吴进钧 李增平 张宇 WU Jin-jun;LI Zeng-ping;ZHANG yu(Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests,Ministry of Education,School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry,Hainan University,Danzhou 571737,Hainan,China)

机构地区：[1]热带农林生物灾害绿色防控教育部重点实验室/海南大学热带农林学院,海南儋州571737

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2025年第2期148-155,共8页Forest Research

基　　金：国家天然橡胶产业技术体系项目(NO.CARS-34-BC1);海南大学名师工作室项目(hdms202014)。

摘　　要：[目的]鉴定引起海南窿缘桉茎腐病病原菌的种类,明确该病原菌生物学特性,为该病害的田间诊断及科学防控提供科学理论指导。[方法]对采集的担子果进行组织分离纯化后获得代表性菌株,通过柯赫氏法则对病原菌进行致病性验证,结合形态学和多基因系统发育分析(ITS、SSU、LSU、TUB)鉴定病原菌种类;对病原菌进行担子果诱导,通过不同光照、不同培养基、p H、温度初步研究其生物学特性。[结果]分离纯化后获得1株代表性菌株,编号为:HNSYAS2023110922;该菌株在PDA培养基上28℃黑暗下培养5 d时生长的菌落呈圆形,白色,中间菌丝致密,边缘菌丝稀疏,培养35 d后的菌落变为黄色;担孢子近椭圆形,双层壁,外壁透明,内壁为淡黄色,大小为10.45~15.31μm×3.2~5.6μm;致病性测定和担子果诱导均与田间症状相符;结合形态学和分子生物学,将引起海南窿缘桉茎腐的病原菌鉴定为二孢假芝(Amauroderma subresinosum(Murrill)Corner);在人工培养条件下,菌株最适生长环境为黑暗、PDA培养基、pH=5和30℃。[结论]本研究明确了二孢假芝菌引起窿缘桉茎腐病,这是该病菌危害桉树的首次报道。[Objective]To identify the pathogen species causing stem rot of Eucalyptus exserta in Hainan,clarify the biological characteristics,and provide scientific theoretical guidance for field diagnosis and scientific prevention and control of the disease.[Method]A representative strain was isolated and purified using conventional tissue isolation techniques to collect basidiocarps.The pathogenicity was tested by Koch's method.The pathogens were identified combined with morphological and multi-gene phylogenetic analysis of ITS,SSU,LSU,and TUB genes.The basidiocarp was induced by pathogen inoculation.The biological characteristics of the pathogen were investigated under different light conditions,culture media,pH levels,and temperatures.[Result]A representative strain HNSYAS2023110922 was obtained through isolation and purification.The colony was round and white,with dense mycelium at the center and sparse mycelium at the edges when cultured on PDA medium at 28℃in the dark for 5 days.The colony turned yellow after 35 days of culture.The basidiospores were nearly oval with a double wall:a transparent outer wall and a light yellow inner wall,measuring 10.45~15.31μm×3.2~5.6μm.Pathogenicity test and basidiocarp induction were consistent with field symptoms.Based on morphological and molecular evidence,the pathogen responsible for stem rot in E.exserta in Hainan was identified as Amauroderma subresinosum.Under artificial culture conditions,the optimum growth conditions of the isolate were continuous darkness,Potato Dextrose Agar medium(PDA),pH 5.0 and 30°C.[Conclusion]This study identifies A.subresinosum as the causative agent of stem rot in E.exserta.To our knowledge,this is the first report of A.subresinosum causing stem rot in E.exserta.

关 键 词：海南 桉树 茎腐病 二孢假芝 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S763.7[农业科学—森林保护学]