镁对‘赣芳2号’芳樟苗期生长及叶精油的影响  

Effect of Magnesium on the Growth and Leaf Essential Oil Production of'Ganfang No.2'Cinnamomum camphora Seedlings

作　　者：董恩元 刘新亮 张杰[3] 符潮 章挺 DONG En-yuan;LIU Xin-liang;ZHANG Jie;FU Chao;ZHANG Ting(College of Forestry,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,Jiangxi;Camphor Engineering and Technology Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Jiangxi Academy of Forestry,Nanchang 330013,Jiangxi;Jiangxi Provincial Engineering Research Center for Seed-breeding and Utilization of Camphor Trees,Nanchang Institute of Technology,Nanchang 330099,Jiangxi)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学林学院,江西南昌330045 [2]江西省林业科学院,国家林业草原樟树工程技术研究中心,江西南昌330013 [3]南昌工程学院,江西省樟树繁育与开发利用工程研究中心,江西南昌330099

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2025年第2期173-184,共12页Forest Research

基　　金：江西省科学技术厅重大科技研发专项(20203ABC28W016);江西省林业科学院基础研究与人才科研专项项目(2023522702)。

摘　　要：[目的]探究芳樟苗期在不同镁(Mg)添加水平下生长、光合特性、生理生化及叶精油的变化,为芳樟苗期科学管理提供理论依据。[方法]以2年生芳樟扦插苗为研究材料,盆栽沙培方式,不添加镁元素为对照(CK),设置19.8 mg·L^(-1)(Mg1)、98.6 mg·L^(-1)(Mg2)、493.0 mg·L^(-1)(Mg3)、986.0 mg·L^(-1)(Mg4)4个镁添加水平,分析不同添加水平下幼苗苗高、地径、叶面积、生物量积累、含水率及叶片内源镁含量、叶片生理生化指标:叶绿素、光合特性、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)以及叶精油含量的差异。[结果]镁添加对芳樟幼苗苗高、单叶面积、生物量积累、叶片含水率及内源镁含量均有显著的提升(p<0.05);叶片中Chla、Chlb、Chl总含量均随着添加浓度的增加呈先增加后降低的趋势,但各处理均高于CK。光合参数中,P_(n)随着镁浓度提高呈先增加后降低变化趋势,Ci则呈相反的变化趋势,与CK相比差异显著;G_(s)、T_(r)对镁添加变化响应较小,差异不显著(p<0.05),添加镁能提高AQY、LCP、LSP等参数增强光合作用;显著降低芳樟幼苗叶片可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、MDA、SOD、POD的抗性生理指标。叶精油得率在添加浓度98.6 mg·L^(-1)效果最好,较CK提升了12.77%,对芳樟醇产量以及芳樟醇相对含量影响不显著。[结论]适量添加外源性镁可以显著促进芳樟叶片叶绿素的形成,增强光合作用和养分积累、增强代谢过程,提高其抗逆性,最适宜的添加浓度98.6 mg·L^(-1)。[Objective]To investigate the effects of different levels of magnesium addition on the growth,photosynthesis,physiological and biochemical properties,and leaf essential oil of Cinnamomum camphora.[Method]Based on two-year-old C.camphora cuttings,four levels of magnesium addition were set at 19.8 mg·L^(−1)(Mg1),98.6 mg·L^(−1)(Mg2),493.0 mg·L^(−1)(Mg3),and 986.0 mg·L^(−1)(Mg4),sand cultivation conducted in pots without adding magnesium was set as a control.Differences in seedling height,ground diameter,leaf area,biomass accumulation,water content and endogenous Magnesium content of leaves were measured,along with physiological and biochemical indicators of seedling leaves(chlorophyll,photosynthetic characteristics,soluble sugars,soluble proteins,malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD),and leaf essential oil content at different magnesium levels.[Result]Magnesium addition significantly(p<0.05)enhanced seedling height,leaf area per leaf,and biomass accumulation of'Ganfang No.2'camphor seedlings.The total content of Chla,Chlb,and Chl in the leaves initially increased and then decreased with the increase of the added concentration,but all treatments were higher than CK.The highest chlorophyll content was observed at the 98.6 mg·L^(−1)magnesium level,which was significantly higher than the control(p<0.05).Regarding photosynthetic parameters,net photosynthetic rate(Pn)initially increased and then decreased with increasing magnesium levels,while intercellular CO2 concentration(Ci)showed the opposite trend,with significant differences compared to the control.The response of Gs and Tr to Mg supplementation was not significant(p<0.05);Mg increased AQY,LCP,LSP to enhance plant photosynthesis.The physiological indexes of soluble sugar,soluble protein,MDA,SOD,and POD were significantly reduced by the addition of Mg.Leaf essential oil content showed an increase of 12.77%compared to control at 98.6 mg·L^(−1).However,it had no significant effect on the relative content of linalool.[Conclusi

关 键 词：镁 芳樟 光合特性 生理生化 芳樟醇 

分 类 号：S725.5[农业科学—林木遗传育种]