基于SSR标记的54个大蒜种质资源遗传多样性分析及指纹图谱构建  

Genetic Diversity and Fingerprinting Construction of 54 Allium sativum Germplasm Based on SSR Markers

作　　者：帅正彬[1] 孙悦 郭江洪[1] 张怡 黄志 孙勃[2] 柴丹 SHUAI Zhengbin;SUN Yue;GUO Jianghong;ZHANG Yi;HUANG Zhi;SUN Bo;CHAI Dan(Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Chengdu 611100,China;College of Horticulture,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]成都市农林科学院,成都611100 [2]四川农业大学园艺学院,成都611130

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2025年第2期267-277,285,共12页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系四川特色蔬菜创新团队(sccxtd-2024-22);成都市重点研发支撑计划和示范项目(2021-YF09-00013-SN);温江区2023年省级财政乡村振兴转移支付园区建设项目(CNH2023-225-WJ)。

摘　　要：【目的】为解析不同大蒜材料种质遗传多样性并构建DNA指纹图谱。【方法】以54份大蒜种质为材料,利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和SSR标记技术对其进行遗传关系分析。【结果】筛选出的16对SSR引物共扩增出42个位点,平均等位基因数(N_(a))为5.13个,平均有效等位基因数(Ne)为1.4791;Shannon信息指数(I)在0.1453~0.6903之间,平均值为0.4359;基因多样性指数(H)变幅在0.0640~0.4971之间,平均值为0.2853,表明供试材料具有较为丰富的遗传多样性。基于UPGMA聚类分析结果表明,54份大蒜在遗传相似系数0.63处被分为3个类群,第一类群包含7份种质;第二亚类仅包含3份种质;第三亚类包含44份种质,在遗传相似系数0.828分成了10个亚类。聚类结果与PCoA分析结果基本一致。此外,利用筛选的SSR引物构建了54份大蒜种质的指纹图谱二维码。【结论】结果为大蒜种质资源的鉴定、保护与利用提供了有力支撑,为分子标记辅助育种提供了理论依据。【Objective】In order to analyze the genetic diversity of different garlic materials and construct DNA fingerprints.【Method】This study used 54 types of garlic as materials,and their genetic relationships were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and SSR markers.【Result】A total of 42 loci were amplified using 16 pairs of selected SSR primers,resulting in an average number of alleles per locus(N_(a))of 5.13,the average number of effective alleles(Ne)of 1.4791,the Shannon's Information index ranges from 0.1453 to 0.6903,with an average of 0.4359,and the genetic diversity index ranges(H)from 0.0640 to 0.4971,with an average value of 0.2853.These results suggested that the tested materials exhibited significant genetic differences and rich genetic diversity.Based on UPGMA clustering analysis,54 garlic samples were divided into three groups at the similarity coefficient level of 0.63,in which the first group consisted of seven cultivars,the second group only contains three cultivars and the third group contains 44 cultivars which could be further divided into 10 subgroups at a the similarity coefficient of 0.828.The clustering results are basically consistent with the PCoA results.In addition,54 garlic germplasm fingerprint QR codes were constructed using screened SSR primers.【Conclusion】The results of this study provide strong support for the identification,protection,and utilization of garlic germplasm resources,and provide theoretical basis for molecular marker assisted breeding.

关 键 词：大蒜 SSR标记 遗传多样性 聚类分析 指纹图谱 

分 类 号：S602.4[农业科学—园艺学] S633.4