成都平原燕麦与箭筈豌豆不同混播模式对青贮品质的影响  

The Effect of Different Mixed Sowing Modes of Oats and Common Vetch on Silage Quality in Chengdu Plain

作　　者：文兴金 杨继芝[3] 李小梅 陈远航 武齐丰 麻天丽 刘红玉 范文涛 张建波[2] 游明鸿[2] 闫艳红[1] WEN Xingjin;YANG Jizhi;LI Xiaomei;CHEN Yuanhang;WU Qifeng;MA Tianli;LIU Hongyu;FAN Wentao;ZHANG Jianbo;YOU Minghong;YAN Yanhong(College of Pratacultural Science and Technology,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;Sichuan Academy of Grassland Sciences,Hongyuan 624400,Sichuan,China;College of Agronomy,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学草业科技学院,成都611130 [2]四川省草原科学研究院,四川红原624400 [3]四川农业大学农学院,成都611130

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2025年第2期341-349,共9页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金：四川省公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(2023JDKY0033);国家牧草产业技术体系阿坝综合试验站(CARS-34-45);国家现代农业产业技术体系四川饲草创新团队(SCCXTD-2024-16);国家现代农业产业技术体系四川大豆创新团队(SCCXTD-2024-21)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究成都平原燕麦(Avena sativa L.)与箭筈豌豆(Vicia sativa L.)不同混播模式对青贮品质的影响,为燕麦和箭筈豌豆混播混贮提供理论依据,同时为成都平原冬闲田有效利用及饲草产业健康发展提供新路径。【方法】以单播燕麦(CK1,播量83.00 kg/hm^(2))和箭筈豌豆(CK2,播量129.50 kg/hm^(2))为对照,设2种混播方式[同行混播(T)、异行混播(Y)]和3种混播比例[燕麦∶箭筈豌豆=1∶1(1)、3∶1(2)、5∶1(3)]混播处理,于燕麦乳熟期、箭筈豌豆鼓粒期时直接收获后青贮,60 d后开袋测定青贮品质。【结果】混播比例对青贮饲料营养品质(DM、WSC、CP、NDF、ADF)和发酵品质(pH、LA、PA、BA)有极显著影响(P<0.01),混播方式对营养品质(CP、NDF)和发酵品质(pH、AN/TN、LA、BA)有极显著影响(P<0.01)。试验条件下,T_(1)和Y_(1)处理在WSC、CP、LA、BA含量和感官评定总得分、隶属函数综合评分均值、RFV、pH和AN/TN值等指标表现均位于前列;相同混播比例下,同行混播较异行混播青贮饲料可取得更高的RFV、CP和LA含量,更低的pH和AN/TN值,综合青贮品质较高。【结论】在实际生产中,混播方式优选同行混播,混播比例优选燕麦∶箭筈豌豆=1∶1(播量41.50 kg/hm^(2)+64.75 kg/hm^(2)),可作为成都平原及类似地区冬闲田燕麦-箭筈豌豆型混播混贮草地饲草青贮的推荐模式。【Objective】This study is to investigate the effects of different mixed planting modes of Av⁃ena sativa L.and Vicia sativa L.on silage quality in the Chengdu Plain,to provide a theoretical basis for the mixed planting and storage of Avena sativa L.and Vicia sativa L.,and to offer a new approach for the effective utilization of winter fallow fields and the sustainable development of the forage industry in the Chengdu Plain.【Method】Unicast oats(CK1,sowing rate 83.00 kg/hm^(2))and common vetch(CK2,sowing rate 129.50 kg/hm^(2))were used as controls.Two mixed sowing methods[same row mixed sowing(T),cross row mixed sowing(Y)]and three mixed sowing ratios[oats∶common vetch=1∶1(1),3∶1(2),5∶1(3)]were employed for mixed sowing treatments.Silage was harvested directly at the oat milk ripening stage and common vetch grain filling stage,and the quality of the silage was evaluated after 60 days of ensiling by opening the bags.【Result】The proportion of mixed planting significantly affected significant impact on the nutritional quality(DM,WSC,CP,NDF,ADF)and fermentation quality(pH,LA,PA,BA)of silage feed(P<0.01),while the mixed planting method significantly influenced the nutritional quality(CP,NDF)and fermentation quality(pH,AN/TN,LA,BA)(P<0.01).Under the experimental conditions,T_(1)and Y_(1)treatments ranked highest in terms of WSC,CP,LA,BA content,sensory evaluation total score,mean membership function comprehensive score,RFV,pH,AN/TN value,and other indicators;Under the same mixing ratio,same row mixing achieved higher RFV,CP,and LA content,lower pH and AN/TN values,and superior overall silage quality compared to cross row mixing.【Conclusion】In actual production,same row mixed sowing is the preferred method,and the optimal mixed sowing ratio is oat∶common vetch=1∶1(sowing rate of 41.50 kg/hm^(2)+64.75 kg/hm^(2)).This model can be recommended for winter fallow field oat-common vetch mixed sowing and silage storage in the Chengdu Plain and similar regions.

关 键 词：成都平原 燕麦 箭筈豌豆 混播模式 青贮品质 

分 类 号：S512.6[农业科学—作物学] S816.11