光叶水青冈种实表型变异及其环境解释  

Phenotypic Variations in Fruit and Seed Traits of Fagus lucida Populations and Its Environmental Interpretation

作　　者：念欣彤 严俊伟 龚志鸿 陈小红[1] NIAN Xintong;YAN Junwei;GONG Zhihong;CHEN Xiaohong(College of Forestry,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;Wangcang County State owned Forest Farm,Guangyuan 628299,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学林学院,成都611130 [2]旺苍县国有林场,四川广元628299

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2025年第2期365-374,共10页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金：橡树种质资源收集评价与创新利用(2024YFNH0028)。

摘　　要：【目的】通过分析不同生境下光叶水青冈(Fagus lucida Rehder&E.H.Wilson)种群的种实表型多样性,为其资源保护利用和良种选育奠定基础。【方法】以四川省和浙江省6个天然种群的14个种实表型性状为研究对象,运用巢式方差分析和典型相关性分析等方法,对种实表型性状的变异规律进行了分析。【结果】①多数种实表型性状在种群内和种群间均存在显著变异,壳斗厚度、果实纵径、果壳厚、单粒种子重和种子横径等在种群间差异不显著;四川种群壳斗重量及大小显著大于浙江种群,南江种群的果实大且重,显著高于其他种群。②种实性状指标的平均变异系数为15.85%,相对极差均值为18.47%,重量性状的变化幅度和离散程度均高于平均值,即产量表现不太稳定;南江、庆元与云和3个种群的变异系数和相对极差分别都在18%和20%以上,这些种群的表型变异较丰富,性状稳定性稍差。③种群间表型分化系数为18.14%,各指标分化系数变化范围1.28%~85.71%,除果壳重外种实性状分化系数都<50%,表现为种群内多样性大于种群间,种群内变异是种实表型变异的主要来源。④Shannon-Wiener多样性指数变化范围为0.806~1.332,均值0.954,果壳厚的多样性指数最高,而种子纵径最小;四川南江、筠连和荥经3个种群的多样性指数均在1.0以上,其种实遗传多样性较高。⑤壳斗、坚果的外观质量与种子重量、大小呈显著正相关,能有效反映种子质量;海拔对种实的正向影响大于地理经纬度,年平均气温则与多数种实指标呈显著负相关;随着海拔增高和气温下降,种实呈现出增大增重的趋势。【结论】光叶水青冈种实表型多样性丰富,壳斗与坚果大小能较好预测种子性状;四川种群的种实较大,今后可作为种质资源收集保存和多样性保护的重点区域。【Objective】Fagus lucida is a multi-purpose tree species worth developing in the middle mountain area of subtropical region.In order to provides reference for resource protection,utilization and selective breeding,the phenotypic diversity in fruit and seed traits of F.lucida populations in different habitats was analyzed.【Method】The phenotypic variation of 14 fruit and seed traits from 6 natural populations in Sichuan and Zhejiang provinces were studied,the variation The variation degree and regularity were analyzed by nested variance and canonical correlation analysis.【Result】①Most of the fruit and seed phenotypic traits showed significant variation within and among populations,but CT,NLD,ST,SSW and STD did not differ significantly among populations.The weight(CW)and size(PL and CB)of cupule in the Sichuan populations were significantly larger than those in the Zhejiang populations,and the nuts in the Nanjiang population were significantly larger and heavier than those in other populations.②The mean coefficient of variation(C.V.)and the mean value of relative range(R')were 15.85%and 18.47%,respectively,the variation range and dispersion degree of weight traits such as CW,SNW,SW and SSW were higher than the average,indicating that the yield performance was not stable.The coefficient of variation and relative range of Nanjiang,Qingyuan and Yunhe 3 populations were all above 18%and 20%,indicating the phenotypic variation of these populations was rich and the trait stability was slightly poor.③The phenotypic differentiation coefficient between populations was 18.14%,the variation coefficient of each index was 1.28%-85.71%,and the differentiation coefficient of fruit and seed traits was<50%except for SW,which showed the diversity of intrapopulation was greater than that of interpopulation,and the intrapopulation variation was the main source of phenotypic variation.④The Shannon Wiener diversity index ranged from 0.806 to 1.332,the average value was 0.954,and the diversity index of ST was the highes

关 键 词：光叶水青冈 天然种群 种实性状 表型变异 

分 类 号：Q948.12[生物学—植物学] S718.52[农业科学—林学]