元谋干热河谷区切沟形态特征及土壤理化性质分析  

Analysis of the Morphological Characteristics and Soil Physicochemical Properties of Gullies in Dry-Hot Valleys

作　　者：廖琪华 杨丹[1,2] 余宇首 吴林蓬 李金桓 LIAO Qihuɑ;YANG Dɑn;YU Yushou;WU Linpeng;LI Jinhuɑn(School of Geographical Sciences,China West Normal University,Nanchong 637009,Sichuan,China;Sichuan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Monitoring and Control for Soil Erosion in Dry Valleys,China West Normal University,Nanchong 637009,Sichuan,China;Forestry Bureau of Kaijiang County,Dazhou 635000,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学地理科学学院,四川南充637009 [2]西华师范大学四川省干热河谷土壤侵蚀监控工程实验室,四川南充637009 [3]四川省达州市开江县林业局,四川达州635000

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2025年第2期418-426,共9页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金：西华师范大学2024年度基本科研业务费项目(24kx002);西华师范大学教学改革项目(403908);国家自然科学基金(41871324、41807075)。

摘　　要：【目的】以元谋干热河谷区典型发育的切沟为研究对象,研究切沟形态特征以及土壤理化性质对形态特征的影响。【方法】在运用实地测量与室内测定相结合的基础上,采用曲线拟合及多元逐步线性回归等方法,分析元谋干热河谷区切沟形态特征,研究沙地村和秃秃脊两地切沟土壤理化性质对形态特征的影响。【结果】①累积频率分布图表明:元谋干热河谷区152条切沟的平均沟底长度、平均宽度、平均深度、沟道宽深比、横截面面积、沟道体积的平均值分别为60.10 m、15.88 m、3.70 m、4.09、56.53 m^(2)和4960.28 m^(3)。②元谋干热河谷切沟土壤容重相对较大,而总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度、自然含水量、田间持水量和饱和含水量则较小,同时土壤的结构性和团聚度则相对较差。③曲线拟合和多元逐步线性回归结果表明:容重、非毛管孔隙度和分散率是影响切沟形态的主要指标,容重对切沟形态特征的影响呈显著的负向影响关系,非毛管孔隙度和分散率对切沟形态特征呈显著的正向影响关系。【结论】元谋干热河谷区切沟各形态特征差异较大,且容重、非毛管孔隙度以及分散率是影响切沟形态特征的主要指标,对形态特征的沟底长度、平均宽度、平均深度、横截面面积和沟道体均具有显著影响。【Objective】Study on the morphological characteristics of gullies and the impact of soil physical and chemical properties on gully morphological features in the Yuanmou Dry-Hot Valley Region.【Method】Based on a combination of field measurements and laboratory analyses,the morphological characteristics of gullies have been determined by curve fitting and stepwise multiple linear regression methods to identify the impact of soil physiochemical properties on the aforementioned features in the Yuanmou Dry-Hot Valley Region.【Result】①The cumulative frequency distribution exhibited the average values of 152 gullies in the Yuanmou Dry-Hot Valley Region,containing bottom length(60.10 m),average width(15.88 m),average depth(3.7 m),width-to-depth ratio(4.09),cross-sectional area(56.53 m^(2))and gullies volume(4960.28 m^(3)).②The bulk density of the soil in the Dry-Hot Valley of Yuanmou is relatively high,while the total porosity,capillary porosity,non-capillary porosity,natural moisture content,field capacity,and saturation moisture content are relatively low.Additionally,the soil structural integrity and aggregation degree are poor.③The results of curve fitting and multiple stepwise linear regression show that bulk density,non-capillary porosity,and dispersion rate are the primary factors affecting gully morphology.Bulk density has a significant negative impact on gully morphological characteristics,while non-capillary porosity and dispersion rate exhibit significant positive effects.【Conclusion】There are significant differences in the various morphological characteristics of the gullies area in Yuanmou Dry-Hot Valley.Bulk density,non-capillary porosity,and dispersion rate are the key factors affecting the morphological characteristics of gullies,significantly influencing the bottom length,average width,average depth,cross-sectional area,and gully volume.

关 键 词：沟蚀 形态特征 土壤理化性质 干热河谷地区 

分 类 号：P642[天文地球—工程地质学]