猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌临床分离株特性分析及疫苗候选菌株筛选  

Characterization of Porcine Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Isolates and Screening of Vaccine Candidate Strains

作　　者：陈虹宇 朋璐 张娇 韩未尧 汤细彪 宋文博 黄超 金卉 周锐[1] 黎璐 CHEN Hongyu;PENG Lu;ZHANG Jiao;HAN Weiyao;TANG Xibiao;SONG Wenbo;HUANG Chao;JIN Hui;ZHOU Rui;LI Lu(College of Veterinary Medicine,Huazhong Agricultural University/National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiolog/The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production Co-sponsored by Province and Ministry,Wuhan 430070,China;WuHan Keqian Biology Biotechnology Co.,Ltd,Wuhan 430070,China;Beijing Jinnuo Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 101300,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学动物医学院/农业微生物资源发掘与利用全国重点实验室/生猪健康养殖省部共建协同创新中心,武汉430070 [2]武汉科前生物股份有限公司,武汉430070 [3]北京金诺百特科技有限公司,北京101300

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2025年第2期458-468,共11页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32473032)。

摘　　要：【目的】分析胸膜肺炎放线杆菌(APP)临床分离株的优势血清型,获得疫苗候选菌株。【方法】从国内疑似分离株中鉴定获得53株APP菌株,鉴定各菌株血清型及评价其生物学特性后,利用大蜡螟和小鼠模型筛选评估有价值的疫苗候选菌株。【结果】53株APP中血清型占比由高到低依次为1、7、15、5型,各菌株在体外生长存活能力强,具有不同程度的溶血活性。MIC结果显示,分离菌株对氟苯尼考敏感度较低,而对头孢类药物高度敏感。用大蜡螟和小鼠模型从每个血清型菌株中各筛选到一株高毒力候选菌株。其中,1型菌株制备的灭活疫苗能够以小于商品化疫苗中1型菌株1/5的剂量,保护100%同血清型攻毒小鼠存活。同时,商品化疫苗中缺乏的15型菌株制备的灭活疫苗对同血清型攻毒小鼠保护率为66.7%,高于商品化疫苗的保护率。【结论】本研究筛选获得高毒力的优势血清型1、5、7、15型菌株各一株,根据免疫剂量和免疫保护率分析,其中的1型菌株和15型菌株有开发为新疫苗候选菌株的潜力。【Objective】This study aims to analyze the predominant serotypes of clinical isolates of Actino⁃bacillus pleuropneumoniae(APP)and to obtain potential vaccine candidate strains.【Method】A total of 53 strains of APP were isolated from suspected cases in China.After identifying the serotypes and assessing their biological properties,potential vaccine candidates were selected and evaluated using wax moth and mouse models.【Result】Among the 53 APP strains,the distribution of serotypes from most to least prevalent was serotypes 1,7,5,and 15.These strains exhibited strong in vitro growth and survival capabilities,alongside varying levels of hemolytic activity.The results of minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)testing revealed that the isolated strains showed significant resistance to florfenicol but notable sensitivity to cephalosporin antibiotics.One highly virulent strain from each serotype was isolated through experimentation with wax moth and mouse models.Notably,the type 1 strain,when administered at a dosage less than one-fifth of that present in commercial vaccines,demonstrates a 100%survival rate in mice.At the same time,the type 15 strain,which is not incorporated into commercial vaccines,provided a 66.7%protection rate in mice,surpassing that of commercial vaccines.【Conclusion】The research provides new insights into the current prevalence of APP serotypes in China.Four highly virulent strains(serotypes 1,5,7,and 15)were identified through screening.Strains 1 and 15 show promise as potential candidates for new vaccines based on their immune dose and protection rate analyses.

关 键 词：胸膜肺炎放线杆菌 临床分离株 血清型 灭活疫苗 猪传染性胸膜肺炎 

分 类 号：S852.61[农业科学—基础兽医学]