橡胶树日间割胶时间和品种评价方法研究  

Study on the Daytime Tapping Time and Variety Evaluation Method of Rubber Trees

作　　者：谢黎黎 马启铭 潘媛 周少新 李富存 罗平 黄明超 袁志能 杨江波 袁克艳 XIE Lili;MA Qiming;PAN Yuan;ZHOU Shaoxin;LI Fucun;LUO Ping;HUANG Mingchao;YUAN Zhineng;YANG Jiangbo;YUAN Keyan(Guangdong State Farms Institute of Tropical Crop Science,Huazhou 525145,Guangdong;Guangdong State Farms Research Institute of Tropical Agriculture Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510000,Guangdong)

机构地区：[1]广东农垦热带作物科学研究所,广东化州525145 [2]广东农垦热带农业研究院有限公司,广东广州510000

出　　处：《中国热带农业》2025年第2期23-32,16,共11页China Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B020217002);现在农业产业技术体系——国家天然橡胶产业技术体系项目(No:CARS-33-GD1)。

摘　　要：日间割胶是一种与常规割胶时间段不同的割胶方法,对改善胶工割胶舒适度具有重要意义。为筛选出适合日间割胶的橡胶树品种和割胶时间点,以广东茂名垦区的9个橡胶树品种为试验对象,设置3个日间割胶时间,以常规割制下4时割胶为对照,通过分析不同品种在不同时间段的割胶生理参数,以期建立起合适的日间割胶品种评价方法。经双因素方差分析,地点·品种和割胶时间对初始排胶速度、单株鲜胶体积、鲜胶重、干胶含量等参数存在显著(P<0.05)的交互影响;根据灰色系统理论,通过将不同地点·品种的生理参数结合灰色关联度法建立日间割胶品种评价体系,利用该评价体系筛选出了团结农场‘热垦525’、团结农场‘热研73397’、新时代农场‘湛试32713’、新时代农场‘PR107’、新时代农场‘热研73397’和新时代农场‘云研774’等5个适合日间割胶的地点·品种,确定了割胶时间以上午6—8时为最优;同时,利用茂名垦区广泛种植的‘热研73397’进行评价结果验证,验证结果表明,该品种在常规割胶和上午6—8时割胶下干胶产量、鲜胶重和初始排胶速度无显著差异(P>0.05)。结果为进一步研究日间割胶、筛选适合日间割胶橡胶品种奠定一定理论基础。Daytime rubber tapping is a rubber tapping method that is different from conventional tapping time,which is of great significance to improve the comfort of rubber tree tapping.In order to screen out rubber tree varieties and tapping time points suitable for daytime tapping,this study selected 9 rubber tree varieties in Maoming cultivation area of Guangdong Province,set three daytime tapping time treatments,and analyzed the physiological parameters of different varieties in altered tapping time with the conventional tapping at 4 am as the control.Through two-factor analysis of variance,the results showed that the location,variety and rubber tapping time had significant(P<0.05)interaction effects on physiological parameters such as initial latex flow rate,latex volume per tree,latex weight and dry rubber content.According to the grey system theory,by combining the physiological parameters of different places and varieties with the grey correlation degree method,the evaluation system of daytime rubber tapping varieties was established.Using the evaluation system,five suitable places and varieties for daytime tapping were selected out,including'Reken 525'and'Reyan 73397'of Tuanjie State Farm,'Zhanshi 32713','PR 107','Reyan 73397'and'Yunyan 774'of New Era State Farm,and the optimal tapping time was determined to be between 6-8 am.Meanwhile,'Reyan 73397',which was widely planted in Maoming reclamation area,was used to verify the results.It showed that there was no significant difference(P>0.05)in dry rubber yield,latex weight and initial latex flow rate between conventional tapping and early tapping at 6-8 am.The results laid a foundation for further research on daytime rubber tapping and selection of rubber varieties suitable for daytime tapping.

关 键 词：橡胶树 日间割胶 品种评价 

分 类 号：S794.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]