怒江草果常见病害及其绿色防控措施  

Common Diseases and Green Control Measures of Nujiang Amomum tsao-ko

作　　者：黄梅 廖方平 张映萍 杨毅 元超 高鹏慧 周继兰 谢金杨 吴莲张 HUANG Mei;LIAO Fangping;ZHANG Yingping;YANG Yi;YUAN Chao;GAO Penghui;ZHOU Jilan;XIE Jinyang;WU Lianzhang(Nujiang Green Perfume Industry Research Institute,Lushui 673200,Yunnan;Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Tropical Medicinal Plant Engineering Research Center,Haikou 571101,Hainan;Nujiang Fishery Workstation,Lushui 673200,Yunnan)

机构地区：[1]怒江绿色香料产业研究院,云南泸水673200 [2]中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所/海南省热带药用植物工程研究中心,海口571101 [3]怒江州渔业工作站,云南泸水673200

出　　处：《中国热带农业》2025年第2期61-68,47,共9页China Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项计划“怒江草果产业科技创新与应用研究”(202202AE090035);云南省郝朝运专家工作站:科技人才与平台计划(202205AF150050)。

摘　　要：云南省怒江傈僳族自治州境内气候优越,雨量充沛,林业资源丰富,非常适宜草果生长。然而,近年来随着草果种植面积快速增长但管理不善,使得草果病害频发,由于缺乏对怒江草果病害的基础性调查研究,很多草果种植户又对病害认识不足,严重地制约了当地草果产业的健康发展。因此,为摸清怒江草果种植区病害情况,2020—2023年对怒江流域的泸水市、福贡县、贡山县的草果病害情况进行了系统调查研究。鉴定草果重要病害7种,分别为萎蔫病、褐斑病、叶瘟病、叶枯病、褐色轮纹病、褪绿条斑病毒病、假茎黑斑病。主要病害为萎蔫病,危害程度为2级,其他病害危害程度较轻。研究明确了怒江草果种植区病害的种类、危害程度及相应的绿色防控措施,为怒江草果病害的精准防控提供参考。Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan Province has a favorable climate,abundant rainfall,and rich forest resources,making it highly suitable for the growth ofAmomumtsao-ko.However,in recent years,with the rapid expansion ofAmomumtsao-koplanting area and poor management,diseases ofAmomumtsao-ko have become increasingly frequent.Due to the lack of basic investigation and research onAmomumtsao-kodiseases in Nujiang,manyAmomumtsao-kogrowers have limited understanding of diseases,which has become a key factor restricting the healthy development ofAmomumtsao-koindustry.Therefore,in order to find out the diseases situation in theAmomumtsao-koplanting area of Nujiang,a systematic investigation and study on the diseases ofAmomum tsao-koin Lushui City,Fugong County and Gongshan County of Nujiang River Basin were conducted from 2020 to 2023.Seven major diseases ofAmomumtsao-kowere identified,including wilt disease,brown spot disease,leaf blast,leaf blight,brown ring rot,chlorotic streak virus disease and pseudostem black spot disease.The main disease was wilting disease,with a severity level of 2,while the other diseases had relatively mild impacts.This study clarified the types of diseases,damage degree and corresponding green prevention and control measures of diseases in theAmomumtsao-koplanting area of Nujiang Prefecture,providing a reference for precise disease control in the region.

关 键 词：草果 病害 致病菌 绿色防控措施 

分 类 号：S436[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]