空气悬架的功能安全分析  

Functional Safety Analysis of Air Suspension

作　　者：向羽 刘永豪 张蕾 Xiang Yu;Liu Yonghao;Zhang Lei(Mengshi Automobile Technology Company,Dongfeng Motor Group Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430050)

机构地区：[1]东风汽车集团股份有限公司猛士汽车科技公司,武汉430050

出　　处：《汽车文摘》2025年第5期16-26,共11页Automotive Digest

摘　　要：为了提升装配空气悬架车辆的安全性,防止车辆在行驶过程中因空气悬架故障而造成对交通参与者的伤害,对空气悬架系统进行功能安全分析。基于ISO 26262功能安全标准,对空气悬架系统进行相关项定义,并利用危害分析和风险评估法分析得出空气悬架的功能安全目标,再将功能安全目标逐级分解至子系统及软硬件层级,建立完整的安全架构。结合车辆侧翻理论模型分析车辆侧翻风险,分析空气悬架高度调节对侧倾力臂及横向载荷转移率的影响。提出分级响应机制:若悬架失效但无侧翻风险,触发警报并持续监测;若存在侧翻风险,则强制停止高度调节功能,确保系统进入安全状态。所设计的策略有效平衡了功能安全与系统可用性,保障了空气悬架的功能安全及整车稳定性。In order to enhance the safety of vehicles equipped with air suspension and to prevent injuries to road users caused by air suspension failures during operation,a functional safety analysis of the air suspension system is conducted.Based on the ISO 26262 functional safety standard,relevant items of the air suspension system are defined,and a hazard analysis and risk assessment method are used to derive the functional safety objectives for the air suspension.These functional safety objectives are then decomposed step by step to the subsystem and hardware/software levels,establishing a complete safety architecture.Combining the vehicle rollover theoretical model,the risk of vehicle rollover is analyzed,along with the impact of air suspension height adjustment on the roll moment arm and lateral load transfer rate.A graded response mechanism is proposed:if the suspension fails but there is no rollover risk,an alarm is triggered and continuous monitoring is maintained;if there is a rollover risk,the height adjustment function is forcibly stopped to ensure the system enters a safe state.The designed strategy effectively balances functional safety with system availability,ensuring the functional safety of the air suspension and the overall stability of the vehicle.

关 键 词：空气悬架 功能安全 侧向稳定性 危害分析及风险评估 

分 类 号：U469.7[机械工程—车辆工程]